77. Tille, "Y. & C.," 34 f. 78. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 404; Jahn, 250. 79. Jahn, 247. 80. Angela Nardo-Cibele in _Archivio trad. pop._, vol. v. 238 f., for Venetia; Pitre, 411 f., for Sicily. 81. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 405. |375| 82. Jahn, 240. 83. _Ibid._ 241 f. 84. _Ibid._ 241. 85. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 404. 86. Weinhold, 7. 87. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 268; Weinhold, 7; Tille, "D. W.," 25. 88. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, illustration facing p. 406. 89. _Ibid._ 405. 90. _Ibid._ 404. 91. _Ibid._ 410; Tille, "D. W.," 26 f.; #W. Mannhardt, "Der Baumkultus der Germanen und ihrer Nachbarstaemme"# (Berlin, 1875. Vol. i. of "Wald- und Feldkulte"), 273. 92. Cf. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 303, and Reinach, i. 180. 93. _Archivio trad. pop._, vol. v. 238 f., 358 f. 94. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 274. CHAPTER VIII.--ST. CLEMENT TO ST. THOMAS 1. Dyer, 423. 2. _Notes and Queries_, 1st Series, vol. viii. 618; Dyer, 425. 3. Brand, 222 f. 4. Henderson, "Folk Lore of the Northern Counties," 97. 5. _Notes and Queries_, 3rd Series, vol. iv. 492; Dyer, 423. 6. Dyer, 425. 7. Brand, 222. 8. _Ibid._ 223. 9. _Notes and Queries_, 2nd Series, vol. v. 47; Dyer, 427. 10. Dyer, 426 f. 11. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 415. 12. #J. N. Raphael# in #"The Daily Express,"# Nov. 28, 1911. 13. Dyer, 430. 14. _Ibid._ 429. 15. Tille, "D. W.," 148. 16. #B. Thorpe, "Northern Mythology"# (London, 1852), iii. 143. 17. _Ibid._ iii. 144. 18. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 416 f. Cf. Grimm, iv. 1800. 19. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 417. Cf. Thorpe, iii. 145. 20. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 418. 21. Thorpe, iii. 145. 22. #F. S. Krauss, "Sitte und Brauch der Suedslaven"# (Vienna, 1885), 179. 23. #T. Stratilesco, "From Carpathian to Pindus: Pictures of Roumanian Country Life"# (London, 1906), 189. 24. _Ibid._ 188 f. 25. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 416. 26. _Ibid._ 420 f. 27. _Ibid._ 425. |376| 28. #Thomas Naogeorgus, "The Popish Kingdome,"# Englyshed by Barnabe Googe, 1570 (ed. by R. C. Hope, London, 1880), 44. 29. #G. F. Abbott, "Macedonian Folklore"# (Cambridge, 1903), 76. 30. #P. M. Hough, "Dutch Life in Town and Country"# (London, 1901), 96. 31. Cf. Frazer, "Golden Bough," iii. 90, and also the Epiphany noise-makings described in the present volume. 32. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 426. 33. Hoermann, "Tiroler Volksleben," 218 f. 34. Tille, "D. W.," 30. 35. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 370. 36. Hamilton, 30. Cf. article on St. Nicholas by Professor Anichkof in _Folk-Lore_, vol. v., 1894, 108 f. 37. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 428 f. 38. Tille, "D. W.," 35 f.; Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 430. 39. Hoermann, "Tiroler Volksleben," 209 f. 40. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 430. 41. Weinhold, 9. 42. Mannhardt, "Baumkultus," 326. 43. Weinhold, 9. 44. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 431 f. 45. Hoermann, "Tiroler Volksleben," 212 f. 46. Reinsberg-Dueringsfeld, 433. 47. _Ibid._ 433. 48. Chambers, "M. S.," i. 369.