Chronicles of Newgate, Vol. 1: From the twelfth to the eighteenth centuryGriffiths, Arthur
History
Chronicles of Newgate, Vol. 1: From the twelfth to the eighteenth century
Griffiths, Arthur
Criminals -- Great Britain; Newgate (Prison : London, England); Prisons -- England; Punishment -- Great Britain
There were few who behaved with the decency and self-possession of
Lord Ferrers, who went to his shameful death in a suit of white and
silver, that, it is said, in which he had been married. He himself
provided the white cap to be pulled over his face, and the black silk
handkerchief with which his arms were to be bound. His last words were,
"Am I right?" and immediately the drop fell. In his case there had been
an unseemly wrangle upon the gallows between the executioner and his
assistant. Lord Ferrers had given the latter, in mistake for his chief,
a fee of five guineas, which the head executioner claimed, and the
assistant would not readily surrender. Some were in abject terror till
the last act commenced. Thus John Ayliffe, a forger, was in the utmost
agonies the night preceding his execution; his agitation producing an
intolerable thirst, which he vainly sought to allay by copious draughts
of water. Yet his composure quite returned on his road to Tyburn, and
he "behaved with decency at the fatal tree." It was just the reverse
with Mrs. Meteyard, who with her daughter murdered a parish apprentice.
She was in a fit when put into the cart, and she continued insensible
all the way to Tyburn. Great efforts were made to restore her, but
without avail, and she was in an unconscious state when hanged.
It may be questioned whether that close attention was paid to the
spiritual needs of the condemned which is considered indispensable
in these more humane days. No doubt many rejected the offers of
the ordinary, refusing to attend chapel, pretending to belong to
out-of-the-way persuasions, and still declining the ministrations
of clergymen of any creed; others pretended, like Dean Swift's Tom
Clinch, that they went off with a clear conscience and a calm spirit,
without prayer-book or psalm. But very probably this indifference to
the ordinary and his ghostly counsels arose from a suspicion that he
was not very earnest in what he said. The Newgate ordinary, although
a sound Protestant, was a father confessor to all criminals. Not the
least profitable part of his emoluments came from the sale of his
account of the execution of convicts, a species of gaol calendar which
he compiled from information the condemned men themselves supplied.
That the ordinary attached great value to this production is clear
from the petition made by one of them, the Reverend Paul Lorraine, to
the House of Commons, that his pamphlet might be exempted from the
tax levied upon paper. It is easy to understand that the ordinary
might have been better employed than in compiling these accounts,
however interesting they may be, as illustrating the crime of the
last century. It is also pretty certain that, although, doubtless,
blameless and exemplary men, Newgate chaplains were not always
over-zealous in the discharge of their sacred office in regard to the
condemned. There were many grim jokes among the prisoners themselves
as to the value of the parson's preaching.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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