If this is true, and if the analysis in my lectures of the Christian function of the State and of the principles of the Kingdom of God is sound, then it becomes clear that this war is being fought to determine whether in the next period the Christian or the directly anti-Christian method shall have an increase of influence. The three most democratic of the great Western Powers—Great Britain, France, and Italy—in conjunction with Russia, which is after all profoundly democratic in its local life though imperially it is a military autocracy, are linked together in a natural union on behalf of freedom as they understand it, against an idea embodied and embattled which is in exact opposition to all they live for. It was therefore no surprise to find that all the citizens of the United States with whom I came in contact were quite definitely upon the side of the Allies in sympathy. To advocate war in the name of Christ is to adopt a position which looks self-contradictory and which certainly involves immense responsibility, and yet if our people can maintain the attitude of mind in which they entered on the war and can secure at the end a settlement harmonious with that frame of mind, I believe they will have served the Kingdom of God through fighting, better than it was possible to do at this moment in human history by any other means. W.T. Lecture II. in this series is almost identical with the pamphlet _Our Need of a Catholic Church_—No. 19 of _Papers for War Time_. In Lectures I. and III. I am under great obligation to Professor A. G. Hogg, though my position is not at all identical with his. *CONTENTS* LECTURE I THE KINGDOM OF FREEDOM LECTURE II CHURCH AND STATE LECTURE III JUSTICE AND LIBERTY IN THE STATE LECTURE IV HOLINESS AND CATHOLICITY IN THE CHURCH LECTURE V THE CITIZENSHIP OF HEAVEN LECTURE VI GOD IN HISTORY APPENDIX I ON THE APOCALYPTIC CONSCIOUSNESS APPENDIX II ON MORAL AND SPIRITUAL AUTHORITY APPENDIX III ON JUSTICE AND EDUCATION APPENDIX IV ON ORDERS AND CATHOLICITY APPENDIX V ON PROVIDENCE IN HISTORY *CHURCH AND NATION* *LECTURE I* THE KINGDOM OF FREEDOM "And Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan, and was led by the Spirit in the wilderness during forty days, being tempted of the Devil."—S. Luke iv. 1.