Church History, Volume 2 (of 3)Kurtz, J. H. (Johann Heinrich)
History
Church History, Volume 2 (of 3)
Kurtz, J. H. (Johann Heinrich)
Church history
§ 93.3. In =Sweden=, too, Archbishop Unni of Bremen resumed
mission work and died there in A.D. 936. From this time the
German mission was prosecuted uninterruptedly. It was, however,
only in the beginning of the eleventh century, when English
missionaries came to Sweden from Norway with Sigurd at their
head, that real progress was made. By them the king Olaf
Skötkonung, who died in A.D. 1024, was baptized. Olaf and
his successor used every effort to further the interests of
the mission, which had made considerable progress in Gothland,
while in Swealand, with its national pagan sanctuary of Upsala,
heathenism still continued dominant. King Inge, when he refused
in A.D. 1080 to renounce Christianity, was pursued with stones
by a crowd of people at Upsala. His son-in-law Blot-Sweyn led
the pagan reaction, and sorely persecuted those who professed
the Christian faith. After reigning for three years, he was
slain, and Inge restored Christianity in all parts. It was,
however, only under St. Eric, who died in A.D. 1160, that the
Christian faith became dominant in Upper Sweden.[263]
§ 93.4. =The Norwegians= had, at a very early period, by means
of the adventurous raids of their seafaring youth, by means of
Christian prisoners, and also by means of intercourse with the
Norse colonies in England and Normandy, gained some knowledge
of Christianity. The first Christian king of Norway was Haco
the Good (A.D. 934-961), who had received a Christian education
at the English court. Only after he had won the fervent love
of his people by his able government, did he venture to ask for
the legal establishment of the Christian religion. The people,
however, compelled him to take part in heathen sacrifices;
and when he made the sign of the cross over the sacrificial
cup before he drank of it, they were appeased only by his
associating the action with Thor’s hammer. Haco could never
forgive himself this weakness and died broken-hearted, regarding
himself as unworthy even of Christian burial. Olaf Trygvesen
(A.D. 995-1000), at first the ideal of a Norse Viking, then
of a Norse king, was baptized during his last visit to England,
and used all the powerful influences at his command, the charm
and fascination of his personality, flattery, favour, craft,
intimidation and cruelty, to secure the forcible introduction
of Christianity. No foreigner was ever allowed to quit Norway
without being persuaded or compelled by him to receive baptism.
Those who refused, whether natives or foreigners, suffered
severe imprisonment and in many cases were put to death. He fell
in battle with the Danes. Olaf Haraldson the Fat, subsequently
known as St. Olaf (A.D. 1014-1030), followed in Trygvesen’s steps.
Without his predecessor’s fascinating manners and magnanimity,
but prosecuting his ecclesiastical and political ends with
greater recklessness, severity, and cruelty, he soon forfeited
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