1 o o o o o A = a a a a a 2 o o o o o B = a a a a b 3 o o o o o C = a a a b a 4 o o o o o D = a a a b b 5 o o o o o E = a a b a a 6 o o o o o F = a a b a b 7 o o o o o G = a a b b a 8 o o o o o H = a a b b b 9 o o o o o I-J = a b a a a 10 o o o o o K = a b a a b 11 o o o o o L = a b a b a 12 o o o o o M = a b a b b 13 o o o o o N = a b b a a 14 o o o o o O = a b b a b 15 o o o o o P = a b b b a 16 o o o o o Q = a b b b b 17 o o o o o R = b a a a a 18 o o o o o S = b a a a b 19 o o o o o T = b a a b a 20 o o o o o U-V = b a a b b 21 o o o o o W = b a b a a 22 o o o o o X = b a b a b 23 o o o o o Y = b a b b a 24 o o o o o Z = b a b b b ] LESSON II [Illustration] Short lines represent the _a_ form, long lines, the _b_ form. The cipher word is "the." Various forms of sewing cards, or yarns of different colors may be used. LESSON III [Illustration] In this weaving mat the light squares represent the _a_ form, the dark ones, the _b_ form. The arrow marks the starting point, and the reading proceeds from left to right in each line. The cipher message is "Mary had a little lamb." Any sentence containing the requisite number of letters can be inserted on the same principle. LESSON IV [Illustration] This lesson embodies what may be designated as a symbolic cipher design. This design conveys the idea of the setting sun, and hence the cipher word contained within is "sunset." Red sticks represent the _b_ form, orange sticks, the _a_ form. The arrow marks the starting point, and the reading proceeds in a clockwise direction. LESSON V [Illustration] This is another symbolic cipher design picturing "Humpty-Dumpty." The blue squares represent the _a_ form, the red squares the _b_ form. The cipher message is "sat on a wall." The blank squares can be filled by colored crayons or blocks, and the children can thus practice the building of the message by referring to the code in Lesson I. LESSON VI [Illustration] Another symbolic cipher design in which the hens represent the _b_ form, the chicks the _a_ form. The cipher word is "egg," reading from left to right. This sort of symbolic cipher designing is susceptible of endless variation, and gives a hint of the possibility of drawing cipher pictures. A sufficient supply is furnished so that when cut out, the hens and chicks may be utilized to spell out various words under the direction of the teacher. LESSON VII--THE TIME-TEACHING CLOCK