It was not that the Americans loved the state governments. The truth is that, like every natural human being, they objected to all governments. Their sole thought was fear of oppressive government infringement upon their individual liberty. In this respect, the Americans in each convention feared their own legislative government less than the new proposed Congress, because they would elect all the members of the former and only a few members of the latter. If it had been suggested, by any of the many opponents of the new Constitution, that any possible twisting of the words of the Fifth Article meant that governments outside their state, not one of whose members they themselves would elect, could infringe upon their every individual right, without any constitutional restraint, the record of every convention would have been one unanimous “NO,” against the new Constitution. But, as no “constitutional thinker” of 1917 or 1920 sat in any of those conventions, no such suggestion was ever made therein. And so, on that January 23, we hear the Fifth Article read in that Massachusetts convention, and we see Rufus King rising and we hear him state that “He believed gentlemen had not, in their objections to the Constitution, recollected that this Article was a part of it; for many of the arguments of gentlemen were founded on the idea of future amendments being impracticable.” He dwelt “on the superior excellence of the proposed Constitution in this particular, and called upon gentlemen to produce an instance, in any other _national_ constitution, where the _people_ had so fair an opportunity to correct any abuse which might take place in the future administration of the government under it.”