“It is no longer open to question that by the Constitution a nation was brought into being, and that that instrument was not merely operative to establish a closer union or league of States.” (Justice Brewer, in the Supreme Court, Kansas v. Colorado, 206 _U. S._ 46.) Indeed, many men before Sheppard have attempted to deny that fact. History, however, records no successful denial. As Sheppard states, the words of Calhoun were from his reply to Webster in 1833. In the history of a century, all a sealed book to Sheppard, Haine also asserted, against Webster, the belief of Calhoun and Sheppard as to what were the facts of the making of our Constitution. We average Americans, in an earlier chapter herein, have read Webster’s statement as to what were the facts of that making. Having lived, ourselves, through the days when the Americans did make their own Constitution, we agree wholly with Webster and the Supreme Court and know that the states had no part whatever in its actual making. Over fifty years ago, however, it became absolutely immaterial, except for academic purposes, what might be the personal beliefs of ourselves or Calhoun or Haine or Sheppard or Webster. Shortly after the middle of the last century, the Southern States, just as unwilling as Sheppard in 1917 to accept the unalterable decision of the Supreme Court that our Constitution is not a compact between states, appealed to the only tribunal to which there is any appeal from that Court, the tribunal of civil war. Even Sheppard must know the result of Gettysburg, the surrender forever of any claim that the Constitution is a compact between the states. Even Sheppard must some time have heard the echo of Lincoln’s appeal, at Gettysburg, that government of the people, by them and for them, should not perish from the earth. Even Sheppard must recognize, whether or not he wish to do so, how successfully the American people, whose predecessors made the Constitution, answered that appeal of Lincoln and intend to keep our government a government of the people, by them and for them, instead of a Sheppard government of the people, by governments without authority from the people.