Civilization and ethics : $b The philosophy of civilization, part 2Schweitzer, Albert
Philosophy
Civilization and ethics : $b The philosophy of civilization, part 2
Schweitzer, Albert
Civilization -- History; Ethics
The ethic of respect for life guards us from letting each other
believe through our silence that we no longer experience [pg 258]
what, as thinking men, we must experience. It prompts us to keep each
other sensitive to what distresses us, and to talk and to act together
without any feeling of shyness, just as the responsibility we feel
moves us to. It makes us keep on the look-out together for
opportunities of bringing some sort of help to animals, to make up for
the great misery which men inflict on them, and thus to step for a
moment out of the incomprehensible horror of existence.
The ethic of the relation of man to man
In the matter also of our relation to other men, the ethic of
reverence for life throws upon us a responsibility so unlimited as to
be terrifying.
Here again it offers us no rules about the extent of the
self-maintenance which is allowable; again, it bids us in each case
come to terms with the absolute ethic of self-devotion. I have to
decide in accordance with the responsibility of which I am conscious,
how much of my life, my possessions, my rights, my happiness, my time,
and my rest I must devote to others, and how much of them I may keep
for myself.
In the question of possession, the ethic of reverence for life is
outspokenly individualist in the sense that wealth acquired or
inherited must be placed at the service of the community, not through
any measures taken by society, but through the absolutely free
decision of the individual. It expects everything from a general
increase in the feeling of responsibility. Wealth it regards as the
property of society left in the sovereign control of the individual.
One man serves society by carrying on a business in which a number of
employees earn their living; another by giving away his wealth in
order to help his fellows. Between these two extreme kinds of service
let each decide according to the responsibility which he finds
determined for him by the circumstances of his life. Let no one judge
his neighbour. The one thing that matters is that each shall value
what he possesses as means to action. Whether this is [pg 259]
accomplished by his keeping and increasing his wealth, or by surrender
of it, matters little. Wealth must reach the community in the most
varied ways, if the latter is to profit by it in the best way.
Those who possess little wealth to call their own are most in danger
of holding what they have in a purely selfish spirit. There is
profound truth in the parable of Jesus which makes the servant who had
received least the least loyal to his duty.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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