Classics of modern science : $b (Copernicus to Pasteur)
History
Classics of modern science : $b (Copernicus to Pasteur)
Science; Science -- History
Meanwhile, we cannot altogether lay aside teleological views if all
phenomena are not clearly explicable by the physical view. It is,
however, unnecessary to do so, because an explanation, according to
the teleological view, is only admissible when the physical can be
shown to be impossible. In any case it conduces much more to the object
of science to strive, at least, to adopt the physical explanation.
And I would repeat that, when speaking of a physical explanation of
organic phenomena, it is not necessary to understand an explanation by
known physical powers, such, for instance, as that universal refuge
electricity, and the like; but an explanation by means of powers which
operate like the physical powers, in accordance with strict laws of
blind necessity, whether they be also to be found in inorganic nature
or not.
We set out, therefore, with the supposition that an organized body
is not produced by a fundamental power which is guided in its
operation by a definite idea, but is developed, according to blind
laws of necessity, by powers which, like those of inorganic nature,
are established by the very existence of matter. As the elementary
materials of organic nature are not different from those of the
inorganic kingdom, the source of the organic phenomena can only
reside in another combination of these materials, whether it be in a
peculiar mode of union of the elementary atoms to form atoms of the
second order, or in the arrangement of these conglomerate molecules
when forming either the separate morphological elementary parts of
organisms, or an entire organism. We have here to do with the latter
question solely, whether the cause of organic phenomena lies in the
whole organism, or in its separate elementary parts. If this question
can be answered, a further inquiry still remains as to whether the
organism or its elementary parts possess this power through the
peculiar mode of combination of the conglomerate molecules, or through
the mode in which the elementary atoms are united into conglomerate
molecules.
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