LARGE SQUARE (=ha=) _temple_. This square is not open, but it encloses a smaller square in one corner, and thus resembles a stamped envelope. The god or sacred bird that dwells in this temple is depicted within the square. On the third face of the obelisk, right lateral column, the goddess Athor or Hathor--literally the abode of Horus, thus implying that she was Horus' mother--is represented by a large square, enclosing a hawk, the emblem of Horus. Within the square hieroglyph now under consideration will be noticed the figure of a bird somewhat defaced, probably the crane or phœnix. The square itself is perhaps the ground plan of a temple, or adytum of a temple. Thus the sentence means, "within the house, the temple of the phœnix." Cooper thinks the bird depicted is the _bennu_, the sacred bird of Heliopolis, and that the temple of the bennu, called _habennu_, is the great temple of the sun at Heliopolis. [Illustration: "He is known as his son, a divine person. His limbs issuing in all places, according to his wish."] MOUTH (=ru=) } } The two, _ru-aten_, equal _known_. CIRCLE (=aten=)} GOOSE (=sa=) son. CERASTES (=ef=) _he_. CHICK (=u=) _is_. HATCHET (=neter=) _divine_. HUMAN FIGURE _person_. Thothmes, in virtue of his royalty, styles himself a "divine person." TWISTED CORD (=hi=) _limbs_. The three dots represent fragments of his body, and form a determinative of limbs. HOUSE (=p=)} } The two form _per_, _issuing_. MOUTH (=r=)} OWL (=em=) _in_. MÆANDER (=ha=) _place_. BASKET (=neb=) _all_. MOUTH (=er=) _according to_. POOL (=mer=) _wish_. MOUTH (=er=) _his_. Then follows, "son of the sun, Thothmes of An," etc., the same hieroglyphs as those already explained at the lower part of the first column. The only new hieroglyph is the _pylon_, rendered _An_ in the cartouche. It may be explained as follows:-- [Illustration] PYLON (=An=) _Heliopolis_. The sacred city of the sun must have been a city of obelisks, temples, and pylons, or colossal gateways. The latter must have formed a conspicuous feature of the place, inasmuch as the massive masonry of the gateways would tower high above the other buildings. This being so, it is not surprising that a pylon with a flagstaff should be the usual symbol for Heliopolis. The hieroglyphs following the cartouche mean, "Beloved of Haremakhu," etc., and have already been explained. It ought to be observed that on three sides of the obelisk Thothmes' columns of hieroglyphs ended alike, namely: face one, now almost obliterated in this part; face two, still distinct; and face four, more complete in its termination than any other side. CHAPTER X. THE HIEROGLYPHICS OF THOTHMES III. _Translation of the Third Side._