=========+===========+===========+===========+=========== | | | | Annual | Elevation | October | Annual | Range of Place | above Sea | Mean | Mean |Temperature +-----+-----+----+------+----+------+----+------ | Ft. | ~M.~| F. | ~C.~ | F. | ~C.~ | F. | ~C.~ ---------+-----+-----+----+------+----+------+----+------ Jerusalem|2,510|~765~|68·7|~20·5~|62·9|~17·1~|67·3|~38·5~ Smyrna | -- | -- |65·4|~18·5~|61·7|~16·5~|79·2|~44·0~ Jaffa | 50| ~15~|78·8|~26·0~|70·2|~21·2~| -- | -- Beirut | 115| ~35~|75·2|~24·0~|68·7|~20·4~|56·1|~31·2~ Damascus |2,380|~725~|67·0|~19·4~|63·4|~17·4~| -- | -- Mosul | 400|~120~|72·3|~22·4~|68·2|~20·1~| -- | -- =========+=====+=====+====+======+====+======+====+====== Between the cultivations of Syria and Mesopotamia there stretches a wide extent of desert country of which, as yet, but little is known, as it is even now, not altogether too safe a land to travel in. In the upper part of the Euphrates valley, at Mosul, which, to save space, is included in the two above tables, the climate, though hotter in summer, does not differ to any great extent from that of Palestine. The rainfall is, however, very much smaller and absolutely confined to the winter. Of the lower and better known part of the valley; once the granary of the world, and even now a rich country; the climate of Bagdad, lat. _circa_ 33° 30′ N., in Turkish Arabia, may serve as a specimen. =========+============+===========+======+============ Month | Mean | Mean | Rela-| Rainfall | Maximum | Minimum | tive | | Temperature|Temperature|Humid-| +-----+------+----+------+ ity +----+------- | F. | ~C.~ | F. | ~C.~ | % |Ins.|~Mm.~ ---------+-----+------+----+------+------+----+------- January | 63·3|~17·3~|39·9| ~4·4~| 84 |1·59|~40·5~ February | 65·6|~18·6~|40·3| ~4·6~| 76 |2·49|~63·0~ March | 74·7|~23·8~|47·1| ~8·4~| 62 |1·93|~49·3~ April | 80·9|~27·0~|54·4|~12·4~| 52 |1·19|~30·3~ May | 90·6|~32·5~|67·3|~19·6~| 42 |0·21| ~5·2~ June |103·2|~39·5~|76·3|~24·6~| 35 |0 | ~0~ July |106·8|~41·6~|78·8|~25·9~| 33 |0 | ~0~ August |107·8|~42·1~|78·2|~25·7~| 32 |0·13| ~3·2~ September|100·8|~38·2~|71·1|~21·8~| 37 |0 | ~0~ October | 91·3|~33·0~|62·2|~16·8~| 52 |0·10| ~2·5~ November | 76·6|~24·7~|50·0|~10·0~| 74 |1·03|~26·6~ December | 64·3|~17·9~|43·0| ~6·1~| 81 |1·16|~29·5~ =========+=====+======+====+======+======+====+======= The intense heat and dryness of the summer months are very noticeable, but the locality does not suffer from hot nights to the same extent as parts of Northern India.