The change from cirro-nebula to cirro-stratus is generally accompanied
by the formation of a distinct fibrous structure, easily observable by
the black mirror. This is not really a new feature, but only a further
development of a structure already existing, but too minute to be
easily seen. True halo-producing cirro-nebula may usually be shown to
possess more or less of a fibrous texture in an indirect way, which is
worth a brief description.
In order to observe the spots on the sun and other features of the
solar surface, it is a common practice to hold a white screen, say,
about a foot from the eyepiece of a telescope, while the instrument
is pointed to the sun. An image, considerably magnified, is thus
projected on to the screen, and the solar details can be studied with
ease and safety. If thin clouds drift before the sun, their images are
similarly projected as they pass across its disc, and it is possible
thus to detect not only the fibrous texture but also the movement of
cirro-nebula.[2]
The change into cirro-stratus is also attended by a marked fall in
altitude, but whether this is due to an actual descent of the cloud
particles, or to a downward spread of the conditions which give rise
to them, cannot at present be definitely settled. The balance of
probability points very strongly towards the downward spread of the
conditions. It is likely that the clouds, particularly the cyclonic
specimens, are wedge-shaped, and that as they pass overhead we see
first the thin edge, and later on the thicker parts, which project
much lower down. This is just one of those many minor problems in
cloud mechanics which we are not able to solve from the scanty data on
record.
Occasionally cirro-nebula breaks up into little detached
semi-transparent cloudlets, all of them exceedingly thin, and showing
a complicated mottling, resembling, on a minute scale, the ripple
clouds of much lower altitudes. Such a sky is depicted in Plate 4, but
no reproduction can possibly do justice to the minute and delicate
features of the real thing. The arrangement of the faint markings was
in a state of continual flux, curiously similar to the ever-changing
aspect of the sun’s photosphere when seen under adequate power. Some
parts of the cloud stratum would at one moment break up into distinct
granules arranged in complicated patterns, other parts would assume a
fibrous texture, and yet other places would show a continuous smooth
sheet. In a minute or two all would be changed--the smooth part
granulated, the fibres vanished, and the granules fused together, and
so on, no two of a series of photographs representing the same details.
[Illustration: Plate 4.
CIRRO-NEBULA CHANGING TO CIRRO-CUMULUS.]
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