Paris, burning of coal in, 37. Partings in coal seams, 23. Peat, 6, 11. Pennsylvania, coal fields of, 32, 33, 34. Picking machine in breaker, 187. Picking shute in breaker, 186. Pick, miner’s, 121. Pillar and breast mining system, 99. Pillars at foot of shaft, 95; creeping, 136; robbing of, 133; slipping, 136. Pinch in a coal mine, 28. Pittsburgh, coal beds near, 193; coal trade of, 42; discovery of coal near, 41. Pittsburg, Kansas, disaster at, 172. Pockets in breaker, 189. Props, use and setting of, 114. Prospecting for coal, 75. Pump mining, 155. Pumpway in shaft, 155. Putter, in British mines, 205. Rats in mines, 212. Reptiles, age of, 4, 12. Rhode Island, coal in, 32, 40. Rib of coal, 101. Richmond coal field, 38. Robbing pillars, 133. Robinson, John W., 58. Rocky Mountains, 20. Rolls in breaker, 179. Rolls in coal seams, 28. Rooms in bituminous mines, 195. Run of mine, bituminous coal, 202. Safety carriage, 91. Safety lamps, how to use, 165; invention of, 163. Schuylkill region, early coal trade in, 62, 64. Scotland, mining of coal in, 37. Scraper, in bituminous mines, 198. Scraper, use of, 117. Screen, revolving, in breaker, 180. Semi-anthracite coal, 8. Shaft, compartments of, 89; descending a, 128; foot of, 128; in bituminous mines, 199; in steep-pitching seams, 109; location and depth of, 86; sinking of, 87; water in, while sinking, 154. Sheaves in head-frame, 177. Shoemaker, Colonel George, 62. Shovel, miner’s, 121. Sigillariæ, 17. Slack, bituminous waste, 202. Slate picker’s duties, etc., 186. Sledge, miner’s, 121. Slipping pillars, 136. Slope, dimensions of, 85; entrance by, 84; in steep-pitching seams, 85. Smith, Abijah, 56. Smith, John, 56. Smut of coal, 77. Southern coal field, 32. Sphagnum, 11. Splits of the air current, 148. Squeeze in a mine, 28, 136. Squib, use of, 118. Stair shaft in bituminous mines, 200. States in which coal is found, 31, 32. Steep-pitching seams, raining in, 107. Stigmaria, 18. Stockton Mines, accident at, 139. Strike of strata, 29. Strikes among miners, 225. Summit Hill Mine, 80. Sump in mine, 96. Surface, disturbance of, by falls, 138. Susquehanna River, coal trade, 41. Swamp in mines, 29. Symbols marked on cars, 223. Synclinals, 25. Tamping, process of, 118. Temperature in mines, 210. Terrace in coal outcrop, 77. Theophrastus, 35. Tipple, at the bituminous mines, 201, 203. Tunnel, entrance by, 82. Tunnels in mine interiors, 84, 106. Turnbull, William, 58.