[Footnote 34: Pierre Janet, "L'Automatisme Psychologique," p. 317, Paris, 1889.] [Footnote 35: "Les Altérations," p. 132.] [Footnote 36: "Une fois baptisé, le personnage inconscient est plus déterminé et plus net, il montre mieux ses caractères psychologiques" (Janet, "L'Automatisme," p. 318).] [Footnote 37: Cf. the corresponding experiments of Binet and Féré. See Binet, "Les Altérations."] [Footnote 38: Cf. Corresponding tests by Flournoy: "Des Indes à la planète Mara. Etude sur un cas de somnambulisme avec glossolalie." Paris and Genève, 1900.] [Footnote 39: Cf. Hagen, "Zur Theorie des Hallucinationen," _Allg. Zeitschrift f. Psych._, XXV. 10.] [Footnote 40: Binet, "Les Altérations," p. 157.] [Footnote 41: "Die Traumdeutung," 1900. ["The Interpretation of Dreams," translated by Dr. A. A. Brill. London: Allen & Unwin, 1918.]] [Footnote 42: Flournoy, _l.c._, p. 55.] [Footnote 43: Schüle, "Handbuch," p. 134.] [Footnote 44: J. Müller, quoted _Allg. Zeit. f. Psych._, XXV. 41.] [Footnote 45: Spinoza hypnopompically saw a "_nigrum et scabiosum Brasilianum_."--J. Müller, _l.c._ In Goethe's "The Elective Affinities," at times in the half darkness Ottilie saw the figure of Edward in a dimly-lit spot. Compare also Cardanus, "imagines videbam ab imo lecti, quasi e parvulis annulis arcisque constantes, arborum, belluarum, hominum, oppidorum, instructarum acierum, bellicorum et musicorum instrumentorum aliorumque huius generis adscendentes, vicissimque descendentes, aliis atque aliis succedentibus" (Hieronymus Cardanus, "De subtilitate rerum").] [Footnote 46: "Le sommeil et les rêves," p. 134.] [Footnote 47: G. Trumbull Ladd, "Contribution to the Psychology of Visual Dreams," _Mind_, April, 1892.] [Footnote 48: Hecker says of the same condition, "There is a simple elemental vision, even without sense presentation, through over-excitation of mental activity, not leading to phantastic imagery, that is the vision of light free from form, a manifestation of the visual organs stimulated from within" ("Ueber Visionen," Berlin, 1848).] [Footnote 49: Jules Quicherat, "Procès de condamnation et de réhabilitation de Jeanne d'Arc, dite La Pucelle," etc.] [Footnote 50: Hagen, _l.c._, p. 57.] [Footnote 51: Goethe, "Benvenuto Cellini."] [Footnote 52: Flournoy, _l.c._, p. 32 ff.] [Footnote 53: Flournoy, _l.c._, p. 51.] [Footnote 54: _Allg. Zeit. f. Psych._, IV. 139.] [Footnote 55: _Ibid._, VI. 285.] [Footnote 56: Coll. Physicians of Philadelphia, April 4, 1888. Also _Harper's Magazine_, 1869. Abstracted in extenso in William James's "Principles of Psychology," 1891, p. 391 ff.] [Footnote 57: Cf. Emminghaus, "Allg. Psychopathologie," p. 129, Ogier Ward's case.] [Footnote 58: Schroeder von der Kalk, "Pathologie und Therapie der Geisteskrankheiten," p. 31: Braunschweig, 1863. Quoted in _Allg. Zeit. f. Psych._, XXII., p. 405.]