Apparently the underlying idea
of this myth is of a bird flying through the heavens, so huge that he
darkens the skies. The flapping of his wings is the thunder, the winking
of his eyes causes the lightning, and so forth.
Fair weather signifies that the bird is in good humor; bad
weather that he is displeased. A big black bird therefore
seems to answer fairly well the inquiries of the native mind
regarding the phenomena of storms.[173]
All myths have at least one universal feature, animals and
heavenly bodies are endowed with human qualities, and associate
indiscriminately with man. [Powell tells us that whatever
challenges attention, gives rise to a myth.[174]]
If, then, the “tawny patch on the shoulder of a rabbit,” the antlers of a
deer, the crest of a bird, are full of meaning to the Indian mind, we can
understand that there must be an inexhaustible store of tales, varying
from tribe to tribe with the living creatures and the local conditions
that obtain in each. Though we to-day after the long sophistication of
the years may regard this phase as childish, ignorant, and superstitious,
and resent its tyrannous fettering of the human mind, we must remember
that it was the only view of life possible at the period of its sway—a
life of Nature, speaking with many voices, sensitive to every changing
facet of the created world—and that from such rude beginnings all
primitive religion and poetry have arisen. We cannot afford to ignore or
lose the only contribution thereto made on the western continent.
Myths represent incidents long past and not to be repeated, those which
occurred in the morning of the world when man had few or none of his
present customs and arts. Folk-tales, on the other hand, are busied with
more recent events and may even be woven about present-day occurrences.
The myth therefore appeals especially to the imagination and the
emotions, and to that deep-seated belief of the Indian that the world of
sense and the world of spirit are so intimately linked that the former is
ruled in minutest detail by the latter.[175]
The “ritualization of myths”[176] takes place when an attempt is made
to weave together these far-away happenings into a consistent tribal,
clan, or fraternity story, the telling of which is frequently accompanied
by ceremonies. Since there is usually a desire shown to arrange these
chronologically, they may become an historical record of the tribe’s
beginnings. At the same time, it must never be forgotten that these myths
are handed down verbally by the older men of the tribe through successive
generations, and must suffer certain alterations and embellishments as
time passes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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