In Sía legends, those presumably most closely akin to Ácoma, the
creation was performed by the Spider, who drew two lines of meal upon
the lighted ground, which, by crossing each other, made four equal
squares. He then seated himself close to two parcels placed in the
two upper spaces, and chanted a low, sweet song, to which the parcels
“rattled” an accompaniment, and presently out of each walked a woman.
One, named Utset, was the mother of all Indians; the other, Nowutset, the
progenitress of all other people upon earth. Two male heroes called The
Twins, with names varying in different tribes, are universally described
as Dark and Light, having been born of a mother sometimes called The
Dawn, who died in giving them birth. These mythical heroes live in the
east, and the Twin called Light is always white—the “fixed emblem of
peace, friendship, happiness, propriety, purity, and holiness.”[181]
Light and Life, Darkness and Death, have been synonymous in all systems
of religion.
At first the earth was very hot, so that it melted, but later the people
lacked fire. In all the tribes we find a universal folk-tale of the Theft
of Fire, and generally it is Coyote who is commissioned to bring it from
beyond the Kingdom of Sussistinnako—a difficult and delicate task, for
there were three doors to pass, guarded first by the Snake, then by the
Cougar, and lastly by the Bear. When, finally, human beings began to
people the earth and had to disperse, their place of egress from the
underworld, in which all men and animals were born, was Si-pa-pu, and it
is to Si-pa-pu again that the spirits of those who die must return. The
road to and from Si-pa-pu is always spoken of as crowded by the two lines
of spirits passing each other, the ghostly forms of the dead crossing
those who are yet to be born into life.[182]
Life is the sunward hemisphere, a line
Invisibly, immeasurably fine
That perilously hangs between the vast
Unborn-to-come and no-more-living past.[183]
We find also the idea of death in life associated with the dying day, and
perhaps this is the origin of the expression of the soldier lads in the
World War who spoke of their comrades as “going west.” Rest from labor
with the setting sun led naturally to the search for some place of repose
for the weary soul in that region where the sun had sunk from sight of
mortal eyes.
One myth that Pueblo Indians possess in common with each other and with
almost all primitive peoples is that of a culture-hero, regarded as the
ancestor of a tribe, sometimes even as the creator of the universe.[184]
This half-divine being appeared on earth while all was still chaos,
taught the people their arts, and, having established their social and
religious order, vanished, not by death but in some mysterious manner,
promising to return to earth when the appointed time should arrive.[185]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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