Ácoma mission had a daughter. And, as sometimes happens, mother and
daughter did not always agree. This daughter was Laguna. The pueblo
of Laguna did not exist in Oñate’s time, nor for nearly a century
thereafter. It was founded in 1699 near a lagoon which has since dried
up; hence its name. Unlike almost every other pueblo settlement, it was
not a homogeneous colony, but was compounded of people from Ácoma and
Sía, who were Keres, others from Zuñi, and still others from pueblos
of different languages. It became, nevertheless, a daughter mission or
_visita_ of Ácoma. The boundaries of the two pueblos were defined after
a fierce battle at Sía between the Indians and the Spaniards in 1699 in
which the Keres were conspicuous. After the smallpox epidemic of 1780-81,
the headship of the mission was transferred to Laguna, since which date
Ácoma has been the _visita_ or branch.
The battered and almost indiscernible painting of San José that now hangs
near the high altar of the Ácoma church became a bone of discord between
these neighbor towns.[98] The picture is said to have been presented to
the Ácomas by Charles II of Spain. It gradually acquired a supernatural
fame, and came to be a talisman against misfortune of every kind. With
it Ácoma prospered. The people of Laguna, who had thrived by no means so
well, grew envious, and believed their poor crops and their childless
women would be bettered if they also had a miraculous painting.
A solemn meeting of the head men (_principales_) of Laguna was held.
It was decided that they should ask the older colony for a loan of the
miracle-working San José. The Ácoma _principales_ held an equally solemn
council. They at last agreed to loan the precious canvas for one month,
but were explicit about its return at that time. With much rejoicing
and the utmost care, the holy “foster-father of Jesus” was carried over
the long, rough trail. As Laguna came in sight, out trooped the whole
population with hope and reverence, to meet the saint. Duly installed
in the Laguna church, day after day, the picture received the humble
devotion of the people. When Holy Week came it was carried in procession
throughout the pueblo, followed by the devout inhabitants.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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