Comets and Meteors: Their phenomena in all ages; their mutual relations; and the theory of their origin. — John Shaqi
Comets and Meteors: Their phenomena in all ages; their mutual relations; and the theory of their origin.Kirkwood, Daniel
Science
Comets and Meteors: Their phenomena in all ages; their mutual relations; and the theory of their origin.
Kirkwood, Daniel
Comets; Meteors
1. A Committee on Luminous Meteors was appointed several years since by
the British Association for the Advancement of Science. This committee,
consisting at present of James Glaisher, F.R.S., Robert P. Greg, F.R.S.,
Alexander S. Herschel, F.R.A.S., and Charles Brooke, F.R.S., report from
year to year not only their own observations on aerolites, fire-balls,
and falling stars, but also such facts bearing upon the subject as can
be derived from other sources. An analysis of these reports justifies
the conclusion that meteoric stone-falls, like star-showers, occur with
greater frequency than usual on or about particular days. These epochs,
established with more or less certainty, are the following:
(_a._) January 4th.
(_b._) " 16th.
(_c._) " 29th.
(_d._) February 10th.
(_e._) " 15th--18th.
(_f._) March 6th.
(_g._) " 12th.
(_h._) April 1st.
(_i._) " 10th--14th.
(_j._) May 8th--9th.
(_k._) " 13th--14th.
(_l._) " 17th--19th.
(_m._) June 3d.
(_n._) " 9th.
(_o._) " 12th.
(_p._) " 16th.
(_q._) July 3d--4th.
(_r._) " 14th--17th.
(_s._) August 5th--7th.
(_t._) " 11th.
(_u._) September 4th--10th.
(_v._) October 13th.
(_w._) November 5th.
(_x._) " 12th--13th.
(_y._) " 27th--30th.
(_z._) December 5th.
(_z´._) " 8th--14th.
(_z´´._) " 27th.
2. It is worthy of remark that no new elements have been found in
meteoric stones. Humboldt, in his "Cosmos," called attention to this
interesting fact. "I would ask," he remarks, "why the elementary
substances that compose one group of cosmical bodies, or one planetary
system, may not in a great measure be identical? Why should we not adopt
this view, since we may conjecture that those planetary bodies, like all
the larger or smaller agglomerated masses revolving round the sun, have
been thrown off from the once far more expanded solar atmosphere, and
have been formed from vaporous rings describing their orbits round the
central body?"
3. But while aerolites contain no elements but such as are found in the
earth's crust, the manner in which these elements are combined and
arranged is so peculiar that a skillful mineralogist will readily
distinguish them from terrestrial substances.
4. Of the eighteen or nineteen elements hitherto observed in meteoric
stones, iron is found in the greatest abundance. The specific gravities
vary from 1.94 to 7.901: the former being that of the stone of Alais;
the latter that of the meteorite of Wayne county, Ohio, described by
Professor J. L. Smith in _Silliman's Journal_ for November, 1864, p.
385.
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