Comets and Meteors: Their phenomena in all ages; their mutual relations; and the theory of their origin.Kirkwood, Daniel
Science
Comets and Meteors: Their phenomena in all ages; their mutual relations; and the theory of their origin.
Kirkwood, Daniel
Comets; Meteors
OTHER METEORIC STREAMS.
_The Meteors of August 7-11._--Muschenbroek, in his "Introduction to
Natural Philosophy," published in 1762, stated as the result of his own
observations that shooting-stars are more abundant in August than in any
other part of the year. The fact, however, that a maximum occurs on the
9th or 10th of the month was first shown by Quetelet in 1835. Since that
time the shower has been regularly observed both in Europe and America;
the number of meteors at the maximum sometimes amounting to 160 per
hour. Their tracks when produced backward intersect each other at a
particular point in the constellation Perseus.
Of the 315 meteoric displays given in Quetelet's catalogue, 63 belong to
the August epoch. Their dates up to the commencement of the present
century are as follows:
1. A.D. 811, July 25th.
2. 820, " 25th-30th.
3. 824, " 26th-28th.
4. 830, " 26th.
5. 833, " 27th.
6. 835, " 26th.
7. 841, " 25th-30th.
8. 924, " 27th-30th.
9. 925, " 27th-30th.
10. 926, " 27th-30th.
11. 933, " 25th-30th.
12. 1243, Aug. 2d.
13. 1451, " 7th.
14. 1709, " 8th.
15. 1779, " 9th-10th.
16. 1781, " 8th.
17. 1784, " 6th-9th.
18. 1789, " 10th.
19. 1798, " 9th.
20. 1799, " 9th-10th.
21. 1800, " 10th.
As the earth is about five days in crossing the ring, its breadth in
some parts cannot be less than 8,000,000 miles.
In 1866 Professor Schiaparelli, on computing the orbit of this meteoric
stream, noticed the remarkable agreement of its elements with those of
Swift's or Tuttle's comet[25] (1862, III.), as computed by Dr. Oppolzer.
These coincidences are exhibited in the following table:
Meteors of Comet III.
August 10. of 1862.
Longitude of perihelion 343° 38´ 344° 41´
Ascending node 138° 16´ 137° 27´
Inclination 63° 3´ 66° 25´
Perihelion distance 0.9643 0.9626.
Period 105 years (?) 121.5 years.
Motion Retrograde. Retrograde.
[25] Mr. Swift, of Marathon, N. Y., had two or three days priority
in the discovery of this comet, but unfortunately delayed his
announcement of the fact.
It appears, therefore, that the third comet of 1862 is a part of the
meteoric stream whose orbit is crossed by the earth on the 10th of
August.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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