We see that the reference here is to combat, just as it was on the right
side of pages 46-50. And since the subject of these pages like that of
46-59 is confined to the revolutions of the planets, it is natural that the
pursuit of one by the other, their periodical disappearance, the crossing
of their orbits and the variation in the length of their revolutions should
be looked upon as a contest. Therefore, since the sun, the moon and the
five planets have hitherto been treated of on these pages, I look for these
seven heavenly bodies in the seven personages pictured here on page 60. I
will attempt to explain them, hoping that my interpretation may be replaced
by a better one.
The sun and moon stand on the platform in the upper picture; their combat
is equivalent to the eclipses to which they at times succumb. The moon is
the assailant and the sun makes only a proud defensive gesture. The person
behind the moon must be Mars. The animal under the two persons is the
embodiment of the eclipses, which the Aztecs interpreted as the act of
being devoured by the jaguar. The hieroglyph in front looks very much like
the meeting of two circles. Does it refer to the day Lamat (Aztec tochtli =
rabbit)?
At the left, bottom, the powerful Venus triumphs over the weak Mercury. The
two planets are real chronometers by reason of the regular alternation of
their appearance as morning and evening stars, and also by their
disappearance twice in each revolution and finally even in the variation in
the length of the two periods of invisibility. Hence they are each
accompanied by a serpent as the usual symbol of time.
On the right, on the other hand, Jupiter as the stronger has vanquished
Saturn, whose bound arms symbolize his slowness of motion and the fact that
he is confined to the same region of the sky. Should not the ring around
his eye have a very special meaning? But we must guard against an excess of
imagination. Jupiter and Saturn are the last to be represented, as they
were of but secondary importance, on pages 51-58 and perhaps also in the
2200 on page 24.
I will not deny that yet another interpretation of this page is possible.
The top picture may be Venus and the moon opposing one another, and the
bottom picture may represent the sun as victor over Mercury. There are some
things in favor of this point of view.
The correct order of the twenty-four hieroglyphs is the following, in my
opinion, which is borne out by the different colors of the four groups:--
1 2 | 7 8
3 4 | 9 10
5 6 | 11 12
-----------------
13 14 | 19 20
15 16 | 21 22
17 18 | 23 24
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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