Common Minerals and RocksCrosby, William O. (William Otis)
Science
Common Minerals and Rocks
Crosby, William O. (William Otis)
Geology -- Study and teaching
The great object of the geologist is, by studying the geological
formations in regular order, from the oldest up to the newest, to work
out, in their proper sequence, the events which constitute the earth’s
history; and dynamical and structural geology are merely introductory
chapters, the alphabet, as it were, which must be learned before we are
prepared to read understandingly the grand story of the geological
record.
Our work in this short course will be limited to the first two
divisions,—_i.e._, to dynamical and structural geology. We will attempt,
first, a general sketch of the forces now concerned in the formation of
rocks and rock-structures; and after that we will study the composition
and other characteristics of the common minerals and rocks.
The scope of this work, and its relations to the whole field of geology,
are more clearly indicated by the following classification of the
geological sciences:—
{DYNAMICAL GEOLOGY {_Physical Geology._
{_Chemical Geology._
GEOLOGY {STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY {_Mineralogy._
{_Petrography_ {Lithology.
{Petrology.
{HISTORICAL GEOLOGY.
Many teachers will desire to fill in some of the details of the outline
sketch presented in this Guide, and for this purpose the following works
are especially recommended:—
ELEMENTS OF GEOLOGY. By Prof. Joseph Le Conte. 1882. D.
Appleton & Co., New York. Nearly 600 pages.
MANUAL OF GEOLOGY. By Prof. J. D. Dana. Third edition. 1880.
800 pages.
TEXT-BOOK OF GEOLOGY. By Prof. A. Geikie. 1882. Macmillan &
Co., London. Nearly 1000 pages.
As a reference-book for mineralogy, the following treatise is
unsurpassed:—
TEXT-BOOK OF MINERALOGY. By Edward S. Dana. 1883. John Wiley
& Sons, New York.
And, as an introduction to the study of minerals, and, through these, to
the study of rocks,—
FIRST LESSONS IN MINERALS. Science Guide No. XIII. By Mrs.
E. H. Richards.
cannot be too highly recommended. Teachers will find this little primer
of 46 pages invaluable with young children, and with all who have had no
previous training in chemistry.
As an admirable continuation of the work begun in these pages, teachers
are referred to Professor Shaler’s “First Book in Geology.” In this our
brief sketch of the geological agencies is amplified and beautifully
illustrated; and rarely have the wonderful stories of the river,
ocean-beach, glacier, and volcano been told so effectively. In the
chapter on the history of life on the globe the main outlines of
historical geology are skillfully brought within the comprehension of
beginners. The directions to teachers are fully in accord with the
modern methods and ideas, and are a very valuable feature of the book.
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Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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