Common poisonous plants of New EnglandYoungken, Heber W., Jr. (Heber Wilkinson)
Science
Common poisonous plants of New England
Youngken, Heber W., Jr. (Heber Wilkinson)
Poisonous plants -- New England
Plants rarely grown in gardens, usually weeds found in scattered areas.
Children are especially attracted to the fruits.
=Poisonous Parts=: Roots, leaves, and seeds which contain alkaloids
(=atropine=, =hyoscyamine=, =scopolamine=, etc.) similar to those
of the jimsonweed (see page 12). Poisoning causes drying of
the mouth, dilation of eye pupils, a very rapid heartbeat, and
central-nervous-system depression. Poison can be absorbed by handling
leaves, as well as by eating fruits. Severely poisonous!
=Antidote=: Call your doctor. Have patient vomit immediately if eaten.
Exposed skin should be washed with soapy water. Physicians treat for
=atropine= poisoning.
NOTE: Other nightshades causing poisoning include the blue and black
nightshades which are also known as bittersweets (_Solanum dulcamara_,
and _Solanum nigrum_ respectively). (See page 3.)
FOXGLOVE
[Illustration: Foxglove, digitalis
_Digitalis purpurea--SCROPHULARIACEAE_]
=Description=: The foxglove is found wild in woodlands, along shady
roadsides, and often is cultivated in gardens. During its first year
of growth it forms clusters of leaves in a rosette pattern, but no
flowers. The flowers develop on long erect stems early in summer during
the second year. They are numerous showy white-lavender, or purple
bell-shaped flowers which bloom for several weeks. The fruits are dry
capsules with many tiny seeds.
=Poisonous Parts=: The leaves and seeds. These contain the digitalis
glycosides, chiefly =digitoxin=, which is a powerful heart stimulant.
Poisoning is characterized by nausea, vomiting, and dizziness and can
be experienced several hours after ingesting the plant parts. The
plant is severely poisonous and can cause heart failure because of its
powerful action on the heart muscles.
=Antidotes=: Call your doctor. Have patient vomit. Physicians perform
gastric lavage and treat for =digitoxin= and digitalis glycoside
poisoning.
GREEN HELLEBORE
[Illustration: Green hellebore, false hellebore, Indian poke
_Veratrum viride--LILIACEAE_]
=Description=: This hellebore is found in swampy places, moist meadows,
or along the edges of streams. It develops in early spring quite like
the skunk cabbage, but then grows during summer on a stout stalk up to
6 to 8 feet in height. Its clasping broad leaves with parallel vein
markings are conspicuous. Many small greenish-white flowers form on a
branching top.
The size of the plant attracts people, and children find the broad
leaves and green tops a curiosity. Powdered roots and a mixture of the
alkaloids are found among the contents of some insecticides.
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