The above Engraving represents a foal which has died from some cause or other about nine days ago, the mare wanting the proper pains to deliver it. The foal is now bloated to such an extent, that it is in a condition to rupture the womb, and the hand can not be passed around the foal. It is an utter impossibility to extract it in the usual way. The operator must procure a knife, very straight in the blade, from twelve to fifteen inches in length, wrap the whole blade in a piece of muslin, take the point of the knife in his left hand, turning the edge downward, put his hand in the entrance of the womb and run it down until he reaches the chest of the foal. He must then introduce the right hand, grasp the handle, and hold it firm; then with the left hand he will slip the muslin from the blade, and with the first finger of the left hand find the spot where the windpipe comes out of the chest. After the point of the knife is set, the right hand must force the blade, to its full length if possible, through the Diaphragm, and then withdraw it. The left hand must retain its hold upon the muslin during the entire operation, and as the blade is withdrawn from the foal, it must again be carefully wrapped around the knife, the left hand seizing the point in the same manner as when it was introduced. After the arm holding the knife is withdrawn, a very nauseous gas will escape, and in a short time the front feet may be reached, then the head, after which the operation will proceed as described in the foregoing pages. [Illustration: PLATE IX.] On the 20th day of May, 1854, I was called to the field of Mr. Sem Schoch, of New Berlin, Union county, Pa., where I found a mare in the act of foaling, in which the foal presented the four feet at once. These cases are of rare occurrence, and it is well for the veterinary Surgeon, or his life would be a brief one. I never injured myself at any work to a greater extent, than I did in treating these cases. Sometimes the hoofs will only protrude from the entrance, leaving the whole body of the foal in a curved position the head being turned backward, as described in the foregoing Engraving. The head should be brought forward, but I always found it impossible in every case of this description, to accomplish this. A cord must be looped around the hind legs, to avoid losing them; then the four legs must be put back again as far as possible, and the foal must be turned, in order to get the head down and the back up.