Conestoga Wagons in Braddock's Campaign, 1755Berkebile, Donald H.
History
Conestoga Wagons in Braddock's Campaign, 1755
Berkebile, Donald H.
Braddock's Campaign, 1755; Wagons
_a_: Feedbox: 1, Top. 2, Side, showing pin and lug for securing to
tongue. 3, End, showing bracket into which the chains hooked for
traveling.
_b_: Front end panel: 1, Bottom end rail. 2, Middle end rail. 3, Top end
rail. 4, Standard, or upright, forming end framing. 5, End boards. 6,
Bow. 7, Corner plates.
_c_: Rear end gate: 1, Staples for end-gate standards. 2, End-gate hasps
and hooks. 3, Pins to secure gate to upper side rails. 4, Crossbar to
give extra support to end gate.
_d_: Rear wheel.
_e_: Cross section of wheel: 1, Boxings, of cast iron, wedged in hub to
take wear of axle.
_f_: Front wheel: 1, Felly, or felloe. 2, Spoke. 3, Hub, or nave.
_g_: Floor of wagon, from under side: 1, Crossbeams, the center and rear
ones being heavier, and projecting at the ends to hold the iron side
braces visible in figure 8,_a_. 2, Bottom side rails. 3, Floorboards. 4,
Position of rear bolster when bed is on running gear. 5, Front bolster,
showing hole for kingpin.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1959
[Footnote 1: _Pennsylvania Archives_, ser. 8, vol. 5, Morris to the
House, Dec. 19, 1754.]
[Footnote 2: Robert Orme's Journal, _in_ Winthrop Sargent, _The history
of an expedition against Fort DuQuesne_, p. 288, Philadelphia, 1855.]
[Footnote 3: Benjamin Franklin, _Autobiography_, p. 166, New York,
1939.]
[Footnote 4: _Pennsylvania Archives_, ser. 1, vol. 2, pp. 295-96.
Franklin suggested that St. Clair, with a body of troops, would probably
enter Pennsylvania and take what he wanted, if it could not be obtained
otherwise.]
[Footnote 5: _Ibid._, ser. 1, vol. 2, Morris to Peters, May 30, 1755.]
[Footnote 6: _Ibid._, Shippen to Morris, June 13, 1755.]
[Footnote 7: The modern spelling is given above. A number of spellings
were common in 1755, among them Conegogee, Connecochieg, and
Cannokagig.]
[Footnote 8: This is the modern spelling. Among those used in 1755 were
Yoxhio Geni and Ohiogany.]
[Footnote 9: _Pennsylvania Archives_, ser. 1, vol. 2, Shippen to Allen,
June 30, 1755. Also, Orme's Journal, in Sargent, _op. cit._ (footnote 2)
p. 329.]
[Footnote 10: Originally spelled Conestogoe. The first known reference
to a Conestoga wagon appears under date of 1717 in James Logan's
"Account Book, 1712-1719," the manuscript original of which is in the
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia. It is likely that
the reference was only to a wagon from Conestogoe, and not to a definite
type of vehicle.]
[Footnote 11: The term seems to have been in common use by 1750 since a
tavern in Philadelphia, called "The Sign of the Conestogoe Waggon," was
mentioned in an advertisement in the _Pennsylvania Gazette_, February 5,
1750, but another advertisement, (_ibid._, February 12, 1750), in
referring to what was apparently the same establishment, uses the term
"Dutch Waggon."]
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