National sovereignty, growth of sentiment of, 31, 32; sentiment of, makes advent and issue of the war inevitable, 32. Newcastle, Duke of, 286. Nominations, the Senate and, 235; popular interest attaching to action of Senate on, 236, 237; of Presidents by conventions, virtual character of, 245. North, Lord, 287, 308. Northcote, Sir Stafford, 322. Offices, political and non-political, 290, 291. Orators, character of the ruling, of our race, 208 _et seq_.; natural leaders of a self-governing people, 209; Froude on political, 215; political, without authority or responsibility in U. S., 319 _et seq_.; political weight of, in England, 321-324. Otis, James, 209. Parties, vagueness of responsibility of, for legislation in U. S., 96-101; both, represented on Standing Committees, 99; in U. S., absence of responsible organization in, 187; in U. S., headless, conglomerate character of, 324; in Congress, discipline of, 326, 327; in Congress, kept together by caucus, 330. Parton, on purposes of a national parliament, 250, 251. Party, govt. by, practical necessity for, 97 _et seq_.; organization, outside Congress, 98; inside Congress, 99; choice of Speaker by, 107; govt. by, perfected in British system, 117 _et seq_.; diversity between Executive and Congress, 267; conditions of govt. by, 267, 268; relations of President and Cabinet, 269; insignificance of Cabinet, 270; leaders in England, weight and position of, 322. Peel, Sir Robt., 209; on questions asked Prime Minister in the Commons, 300. Pension Act, in 48th Congress, 79-81. "Permanent appropriations," 152, 153. Pitt, Wm., 209; elected to rule Commons, 249. Political discretion of President and Congress, 34, 35. Power, diffusion of, in Congress, 92, 206; irresponsible, 92, 93, 314; _and accountability_, 283, 284. Presidency, tendency to raise governors of States to the, 253. President, the, and Supreme Court, relations between, 35; independence and influence of, 41; declining prestige of office of, 43; belittled by growth of congressional power, 43; and Cabinet, division of labor between, 45, 46; veto power of, 52, 260; and Senate, no real consultation between, 232 _et seq_.; irresponsible dictation of Senate to, 238, 239; functional contrast of, with English Prime Minister, 249; conditions surrounding choice of a, by convention, 250, 251; character of usual functions of, 254; not all of the Executive, 257; relations of, to Cabinet, 258, 259; De Tocqueville on position of, 266, n.; party relations of, 269; party insignificance of, 270; and Congress, defective means of cooperation between, 270, 271. President of French Assembly, functions and powers of, 125, 126. Presidents, character and influence of the early, 41; decline of character of, along with crystallization of electoral system, 42; real method of electing, 243 _et seq_. Press, the, political influence of, in U. S., 305, 306, 319-321; in England, subordinate to political leaders, 321.