The power of ideas: origin of the World War: psychodynamics and the law of suggestion: Haeckel on emotion: Dr. Samuel Johnson on the progress of an agitator: consciousness: Hudson's hypothesis: the two aspects of mind: Theology on the origin of Good and Evil: self-knowledge: Socrates and Joan of Arc: the phenomena of madness: men of genius: evolution and organic memory: telepathy: the power of suggestion: psychotherapeutics: faith-healers: Christian Science: memory: Coleridge's case: William James: Bernard Shaw on Art. VI. VALUER AND VALUATION 73 Factors determining valuation and arrangement of the discussion. (1) INSTINCT AND HEREDITY 73 Prof. Ward on heredity: Haeckel on instincts: McDougall on instincts: imitation and morality: demagogues and fanatics: geniuses and politicians: maternal impressions: heredity versus environment: conscience as an emotional and instinctive organ, and conscience as a thinking and intellectual organ: the force of cosmic suggestion on morality: remorse. (2) THE FACTOR OF EMOTION 86 Emotion defined: its manifestations: its control: Ward on emotion: James on emotion: the æsthetic emotions: Racine and the element of mystery in Art: William Hazlitt on the worship of names: emotional sensibility: æsthetic appreciation. (3) JUDGMENT OF ENDS 96 The intellectual and critical processes: realization of ends: recognition of Good: the norm of valuation. (4) COSMIC SUGGESTION 99 Public opinion: emotional suggestions: individual suggestibility: gregarious attraction: ecstatic oratory: Rasputin: Mark Antony: propaganda: the Press: Mr. Hilaire Belloc's views: the influence of literature: the worship of symbols: Bergson's definition of metaphysics: the necessary task of religion: progress or decline: the highest form of morality. CONSCIENCE AND FANATICISM I INTRODUCTION In all ages conscience has been the theme of priest, politician, philanthropist and obstructionist. So often used and so seldom analysed, beyond a bare assertion of its function, it is curious to reflect on the strange medley of uses to which this word is put. Conscience is at once the standard and the refuge of orthodox and fanatic, patriot and anarchist--according as they are described by admirer or detractor--but, let us believe with Lecky,[4] least often of the genuine hypocrite.