Conversations on the Plurality of WorldsFontenelle, M. de (Bernard Le Bovier)
Philosophy
Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds
Fontenelle, M. de (Bernard Le Bovier)
Plurality of worlds
My reason is convinced, answered the Marchioness; but my imagination
is overwhelmed with such an infinite variety and number of inhabitants
existing in each of the planets; for as there is no dull uniformity in
nature, the difference of species must be in proportion to the number
of beings--how can imagination grasp such a vast idea? Imagination, I
replied, is not required to represent all this to us; we can penetrate
no farther than we are assisted by our sight; we can only perceive,
from a general glance, that nature has established an inconceivable
diversity in her works. The human face is formed every where on the
same plan, but still how great is the difference between the visages of
Europeans and of Africans or Tartars: not only in separate nations do
we find a distinguishing character of countenance, even among the same
people every family seems formed from a distinct model. How astonishing
is the power of nature in giving such variety to so simple an object!
In the universe we are but as a little family whose faces resemble each
other; the next planet contains another family who have a different
style of countenance. Probably the variations are greater in proportion
to the distance, and could we compare the inhabitants of the earth
and moon, we should easily see that they were nearer neighbours than
those of the earth and of Saturn. Here, for instance, our thoughts are
made vocal; the people in another planet only express themselves by
gestures; farther off, they may dispense with any sort of conversation.
Here our reason is matured by experience; elsewhere experience may add
little to the understanding; at a greater distance, children may know
as much as old men. In this world we give ourselves more uneasiness
about the future than the past; on another globe, the past afflicts
more than the future; on a third, the people are neither distressed by
one nor the other, and they perhaps are not the most unhappy. It is
said that we are possibly in want of a sixth sense belonging to our
nature, by means of which our knowledge would be greatly augmented.
This sense is most likely in some other world, where one of our five is
wanting. There may even be a very great number of natural senses, but
in the distribution of them among the planets, only five have fallen
to our share, and with these five we remain satisfied because we don't
know of any more. Our sciences have certain limits which no human
understanding has exceeded: at a particular point we stop, the rest is
reserved for other worlds, where they are ignorant of many things that
we know. This planet is blest with the delightful emotions of love, but
at the same time desolated by the fury of war. Another enjoys perpetual
tranquillity, but with this uninterrupted peace, love is unknown, and
calmness degenerates into ennui. In short whatever nature has done on
a small scale, for the distribution of happiness and talents among us,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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