=ALCOHOLOM′ETER= (-lŏm′-). _Syn._ ALCOHOL′METER (hŏl′-; -hŏm′-‡); ALCOHOLOMÉTRUM, L.; ALCOÖLOMÈTRE, ALCOÖMÈTRE, ALCOHOLMÈTRE, &c., Fr. An instrument or apparatus used in alcoholometry. Alcoholometers are simply ‘hydrometers’ adapted to the densities of alcohol, either concentrated or dilute. Some of these, as BAUMÉ’S, CARTER’S, &c., merely indicate the number of degrees corresponding to the state of concentration of the liquid. Others, of a like construction, as those of RICHTER (_a_), TRALLES (_b_), and GAY-LUSSAC (_c_), have their stems so graduated as at once to indicate the proportion per cent. of alcohol present, either by weight, or by volume, at some standard temperature. (See _engr._) A third class, as those of the Abbé BROSSARD-VIDAL, FIELD, &c. are essentially thermometers, with scales which indicate the boiling points of spirits of different strengths, instead of the common thermometric degrees; whilst to a fourth class belong the alcoholometer of M. SILBERMANN, which is based upon the known rate of expansion of alcoholic liquors by heat, expressed in alcoholometric degrees; and that of M. GEISSLER, which depends on the measurement of the tension of the vapour of the liquid, as indicated by the height to which it raises a small column of mercury. In SYKE’S HYDROMETER, used by officers of the Revenue, the scale of the instrument is enormously extended by the use of movable weights, with each of which it becomes, in fact, a separate instrument, adapted to a certain range of specific gravities. A very convenient alcoholometer for ordinary purposes (_d_) has been lately produced by some of the instrument makers. It is of the usual form, but its stem on one side exhibits the per-centage richness of the sample in alcohol by volume; and on the other, the per-centage by weight. Thus, both results may be obtained at one trial. This instrument is sometimes called RICHTER’S ALCOHOLOMETER, in England. A further improvement, still more recently introduced, is a similar ‘double-scale’ instrument, showing the degrees of Sykes on one side, and carrying a small spirit-thermometer in the bulb, to which a scale is fixed ranging from 35° to 82° Fahr. =ALCOHOLOM′ETRY.= _Syn._ ALCOHOL′METRY (-hŏl′-; -hŏm′-‡); SPIRIT TESTING‡; ALCOHOLME′TRIA, L.; ALCOÖLOMÉTRIE, ALCOÖMÉTRIE, &c., Fr. In _chemistry_, the art or process of ascertaining the richness of spirits in alcohol. In _commerce_, the determination of the quantity of spirit of a certain strength, taken as a standard, present in any given sample of spirituous or fermented liquors. In England, this standard is called “proof spirit.”