Copyright: Its History and Its LawBowker, R. R. (Richard Rogers)
History
Copyright: Its History and Its Law
Bowker, R. R. (Richard Rogers)
Copyright -- History; Copyright -- United States -- History
After the adoption of the revised international copyright convention
signed at Berlin November 13, 1908, modifying the Berne-Paris
conventions, a Committee on the law of copyright consisting of seventeen
publicists, authors, artists, publishers and others was appointed by
minute of March 9, 1909, by the President of the Board of Trade, to
consider and report upon the modification of domestic legislation in
conformity with the Berlin agreement of 1908. The Committee made a
report in December, 1909, strongly advising that domestic legislation be
brought into line with international practice and that the copyright
term in Great Britain be for life and fifty years. With the report was
printed a blue-book of minutes of evidence, containing valuable
appendixes which included a _projet de loi type_ (model bill) on
copyright, drafted by the International Literary and Artistic
Association, and an artistic copyright bill drafted by the Artistic
Copyright Society.
{Sidenote: Imperial copyright conference of 1909}
In the early part of 1909 an Imperial copyright conference was also held
in London, attended by Crown officials and representatives from all of
the self-governing dominions, at which certain resolutions for copyright
betterment were adopted. Its minutes and resolutions were also presented
to Parliament.
{Sidenote: The pending bill}
As a result of the deliberations and reports of these two bodies, "a
bill to amend and consolidate the law relating to copyright" (1 George
V) was introduced into the House of Commons July 26, 1910, in the names
of Mr. Buxton, Mr. Solicitor-General, Colonel Seely and Mr. Tennant, the
adoption of which would provide a copyright code similar in extent to
the American code of 1909, and applicable throughout the British
dominions, with the proviso that the self-governing dominions may accept
or modify the code or legislate separately, and providing also for
international copyright. The bill adopted most of the features of the
Berlin convention including the term of life and fifty years, covered
literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works, including architectural
works of art, and while distinguishing between first publication and
performance, included under copyright acoustic or visual performance or
exhibition and control for mechanical reproduction. The bill, somewhat
modified, was reintroduced into the subsequent Parliament March 30,
1911, emerged from committee with important alterations July 13, 1911,
and was passed with slight additional changes by the House of Commons
August 17, and first read in the House of Lords August 18, 1911. On
passage of the House of Lords, it becomes effective July 1, 1912, unless
earlier date is provided by Order in Council. The bill repeals by
specific schedule all existing laws except specified sections in the
fine arts copyright act of 1862, the musical copyright acts of 1902 and
1906, and the copyright provisions in the customs consolidation act of
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