As a first effect the restriction of contributions according to all or a part of the various propositions discussed above would probably reduce the aggregate of campaign funds considerably. It remains to be seen whether this will have an unfavourable influence upon our political life. Shocked by the magnitude of the sums recently employed many of our social doctors would advise rigorous starvation and copious bloodletting as essential to the radical cure of our campaign diseases. In spite of the necessity of parties under the conditions of American government public prejudice is strongly inclined to underestimate the value of party work. Yet considering the size of the country and the magnitude of the interests involved it is doubtful if the amount expended in the last presidential election, to cite a specific instance, was uneconomical. Certainly an even larger sum could be spent profitably along educational lines in our greater campaigns. One trouble now is that quite apart from the illegal or immoral practices charged against American campaign managers the latter have in too many cases carried on their activities in a conventional fashion which is rather ineffective and wasteful. Thousands of dollars are spent in circulating documents and speeches. Yet printed matter of this character is so cheap and nasty in appearance, so unattractive in form, so devoid of illustration, and often so dry and prolix that it is promptly and deservedly thrust into the waste-basket by practically all recipients. Progressive business men have learned the value of modern forms of advertising in newspapers, magazines, street cars, etc., but the political manager seldom employs it with any effect. In many districts illustrated lectures would be an enormous improvement over the cheap mouthings of the ordinary cart-tail spell-binder. Campaign text-books, as the term is at present understood, are at best dry and formal arsenals of fact fit only for the higher grade of speakers and leaders, or, at worst, mere hodge-podge collections of sensational clippings useful only to equip already convinced partisans with a few accusations and arguments which they can then monotonously parrot forth from the beginning to the end of the campaign. Constructed with some regard to pedagogical principles and popular requirements such books might be made extremely influential. By these and other improved methods our campaigns may finally come to be worth what they cost. Certainly few services are of more importance in a democracy than rousing the people to political issues, instructing them as to men and policies, leading them out from narrow personal concerns to participation in the broad life of the state. Even with all the restrictions on the collection of campaign funds which have been mentioned above it is improbable that sufficient funds for all legitimate purposes will in the long run be denied. If any shortage threatens, campaign managers may better their situation by the same