Lord Bacon’s case 90 Pepys and the acceptance of presents 93 Corruption and the administrative service appointments 95 Recent changes in the forms of municipal corruption 98 Limitation of corruption to certain branches or spheres of government 100 In local government only, in central government only 100 Middle grade of Japanese officials 102 Limitation of corruption in amount 105 Contractual character of most corruption 106 Prudential considerations restraining corruptionists 107 Summary 109 IV. CORRUPTION IN THE PROFESSIONS, JOURNALISM, AND THE HIGHER EDUCATION Forms of corruption not commonly recognised as such; their significance 113 General classification of recognised forms of corruption 116 Defilement of the sources of public instruction 117 Difficulty of defining and regulating corruption in this sphere 118 Professional codes of ethics 119 Corruption in journalism: an extreme view; limitations 121 Corruption in higher education 132 Growing influence of colleges and universities 133 Higher education and public opinion 134 Personal responsibility of the teacher 136 The struggle for endowments and resulting bad practices 137 The teaching of economic, political, and social doctrines in colleges and universities 139 Summary 156 V. CORRUPTION IN BUSINESS AND POLITICS Corruption in business 161 Effect of consolidation in business 163 Effect of state regulation in transforming character of business corruption 165 Necessity of further reform efforts 167 Classification of forms of political corruption 169 Political corruption resulting from state regulation of business 171 New forms of state regulation; other means of strengthening the position of government 174 The state as seller; difficulties and safeguards 179 Work of the Bureau of Municipal Research 184