_Some words not mentioned here are explained in previous parts of the book, and will be found in the General Index._ =Apex=--The tip or point--_e.g._, of a cone or wedge. =Backed Cloth=--Cloth which, in addition to the faced fabric, bears bound underneath a layer either of extra weft, extra warp, or of another cloth. The term is usually applied to the first-named variety. =Bar=--A term applied to a single strip of coloured weft, used as heading or cross border. =Beam=--The flanged roller on which the warp yarn is wound, either at the beam, warping, sizing, or dressing machines; also applied to the full beam. =Beer=--Twenty dents or splits in a reed, also 40 ends--_i.e._, two ends to each split. =Bevel=--A cog wheel, having the teeth set at an angle with the shaft on which it moves, but in the some plane, unless a skew-gear bevel. =Bitting=--Drawing in additional ends at the side of healds and reeds in case of a wider warp having to be used. =Bobbin=--A flanged wooden cylinder. =Borders=--The stripe running along the side of a piece of cloth--formed either by different colour, counts of yarn, or weave, from the centre. =Box Motion=--Arrangement for operating the shuttle boxes in check weaving. =Bracket=--An attachment bolted to a framing for the support of other apparatus. =Cam or Camb=--A plate revolving on a shaft, having its circumference other than circular, thus giving a reciprocating motion to any lever actuated by it.--Applied in some districts to the shedding tappets and picking plates. =Cellulose=--A botanical term referring to an organic substance of which the cotton fibre principally consists, and being composed of six atoms of carbon with five of water, or C{6}H{10}O{5}. =Cloth=--The technical name for woven cotton fabrics: although cloth is the popular name for woollen and worsted fabrics, and cotton is usually called calico, or some such name, yet in the trade the name of cloth is always given to cotton goods. =Compass Board=--Another name for the cumber board. =Cop=--The cylindrical coil of yarn formed at the mule, or, in the case of two-fold yarn, at the twiner. =Cord=--The bands used in attaching the healds to the heald-rollers, or lambs--_i.e._, heald cords; also a very coarse thread, used as a heading or stripe border; a name given to a cloth bearing a stripe, formed by using cord warp yarn; and also a contraction of corduroy. =Counts=--A system of indicating the fineness of yarn, written by placing ’_s_ after the figures signifying the number of hanks per lb.--thus, “40’s”; otherwise, _grist_ or _numbers_. =Cover=--A name given to the downy appearance of cloth or yarn. =Cross-band=--Sometimes applied to yarns spun twist-way, in contradistinction to _open-band_.