Creation Myths of Primitive America: In relation to the Religious History and Mental Development of MankindCurtin, Jeremiah
Religion
Creation Myths of Primitive America: In relation to the Religious History and Mental Development of Mankind
Curtin, Jeremiah
Creation -- Mythology; Indian mythology -- North America; Indians of North America -- Folklore
In this, as in all Indian myths of the bringing of fire, it is
procured by stealing. The pursuit in all cases is most strenuous.
In one myth relays are posted along the road at short intervals; these
deliver the fire to one another in great haste. At last the pursuers
are very near, when the fire is given to him who afterward becomes the
turtle; he places the treasure in his mouth and rolls into a deep
river, where he hides till the baffled masters of fire turn homeward
sorrowing.
HAKA KAINA
Here we find another myth of a flint people.
In the Hakas and Tennas we have a struggle between the lightning and
the clouds. In Haka Kaina the myth represents the advance of spring to
colder regions. The swan-maidens go north with the early lightning of
the year. Hence Haka Kaina, the war chief of Wahkalu, the great
residence of Jupka, is represented as stealing them. In another myth,
of which, unfortunately, I have only a fragment, these same
swan-maidens are borne away north by Haka Kaina with great pomp and
circumstance. The chief is attended by an immense escort, in which all
the personages are phenomena of springtime. His regular force, his
trusty warriors do not migrate; they stay all the year at Wahkalu,
unless when absent on some expedition. The most characteristic person
in the escort is a species of poplar-tree, the leaves of which tremble
like those of an aspen. This hero dances all the time from his point
of starting in the south till he reaches Mount Shasta. This gives a
fine picture of that kind of tree putting forth leaves which quiver
with gladness at the approach of the swan-maidens.
The marshalling by Haka Kaina of forces so numerous that they surround
the immense base of Mount Shasta, the enormous dust which they raise,
dust which goes up to the sun, their death by fire at the hands of the
Mini Aunas, their resurrection and return home with the swan-maidens
and all the spoils of Hwipajusi's people, are conceived on a scale
truly grand.
TITINDI MAUPA AND PAIOWA THE YOUNGEST DAUGHTER OF WAKARA
Paiowa is the evening star. Wakara's most interesting daughters are
always Halaia, or Halai Auna, and Paiowa. The first is the morning,
the second the evening star.
Halaia's sister, Pahnino, in this myth became afterward a shell, or
rather a creature which lives in a shell, as did also her mother. I do
not know which kind of shell Pahnino is; it has bright colors.
The increase and decrease of food, the magic power of weapons, the
jealousy and hostility of the husbands of other sisters, are usual in
Yana myths of this kind.
THE TWO SISTERS HAKA LASI AND TSORE JOWA
Love of this sort, of a sister for a brother, is found in European
lore occasionally, and is, of course, a survival from a very remote
past. In this myth it is the love of one of the first people, a
female, afterward turned into a loon, for her brother, who was
afterward turned into a wildcat.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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