cemetery, but also skeletons from the same place.[119] In no part of Italy perhaps can the relative worth of cremation and burial be better seen than in Bologna. Both practices were contemporaneous there about 700 B.C. [119] 'Echo,' Sept. 23, 1874. The works written in Italy upon cremation are of considerable importance. In 1857 Professor Coletti contributed a paper to the Academy of Science and Letters of Padua,[120] in which he strongly recommended cremation. This was followed by an article in 1866 by Dr. V. Giro, also approving the practice.[121] In 1867, and again in 1870, Dr. Du Jardin called attention to the many advantages offered by cremation,[122] which first communication was followed by a paper by Dr. P. Castiglioni, similarly advising its adoption.[123] Dr. Golfarelli, previously alluded to, also read a paper before the conference held at Florence in 1871, of course all in its favour.[124] [120] 'Sulla Cremazione dei Cadaveri.' [121] 'Sulla Incinerazione dei Cadaveri.' [122] 'Sulla Cremazione dei Cadaveri.' [123] _Ibid._ [124] _Ibid._ Dr. Polli, whose labours on this subject are so well known, published in 1872 a very interesting memoir upon cremation.[125] Dr. G. Pini gave to the world his sentiments in its favour in 1871,[126] and again in 1873,[127] explaining the various and most likely methods of procedure. An historical review of the subject was also issued from the pen of Dr. F. Valerani in 1872.[128] Dr. G. B. Ayr eloquently advocated the burning of the dead in 1872-3,[129] and again in the latter year the system was upheld by Dr. Fornari.[130] [125] 'Sulla Incinerazione dei Cadaveri.' [126] 'La Cremazione dei Cadaveri.' [127] _Ibid._ [128] 'Sulla Incinerazione dei Cadaveri.' [129] 'La Cremazione e l'Igiene.' [130] 'Humatio vel Crematio.' In 1873 Dr. C. Musatti published a very interesting historical dissertation upon the subject,[131] and gave his opinion that at the beginning of the process means might easily be taken to ascertain whether the subject was in a trance. In 1873 Dr. F. Anelli published an article[132] in which he dealt with some objections urged by Dr. Rota, in 1872,[133] against the burning of the body, stating it as his own opinion that whilst burial recalled the middle ages and even the times of barbarism, cremation represented progress and civilisation. Much the same view was taken by Dr. O. Giacchi in a memoir read in Florence in 1873.[134] Dr. L. Brunetti also explained the methods of incineration in a brochure published in 1873,[135] and in the same year Professor Amati published a letter,[136] in which amongst other things the economy of cremation was argued. Several articles followed from the pens of Drs. Peyrani and Foldi. The most complete work, however, issued from the Italian press was that of Dr. F. dell' Aqua, published in 1874.[137] A very valuable historical report of the question has also been recently issued by M. Biondelli.[138]