Cremation of the Dead: Its History and Bearings Upon Public HealthEassie, William
History
Cremation of the Dead: Its History and Bearings Upon Public Health
Eassie, William
Cremation -- History; Funeral rites and ceremonies
It is impossible to prophesy in what direction the taste of the
future may wander as regards the shape of cinerary vessels,
but there can be no doubt whatever that in many instances they
will assume a distinctly ecclesiastical character. The classic
patterns of vases and urns would be in excellent keeping with the
architecture of churches built after Greek and Roman models; whilst
they might appear otherwise if exposed to view in the niches of the
walls of a Gothic fane. But it may fairly be predicted that the
architectural style of the church will have to bow to the varying
tastes of the worshippers, and just as we see in Westminster
Abbey--that beautiful example of the Early Pointed style--the
utmost diversity of taste in the monuments which cluster upon its
walls, so the walls and vaults of our churches must necessarily
accommodate every type of fancy whenever cremation resumes its sway.
Cinerary vessels, in accordance with revived mediæval taste, will
probably predominate. Some, it may be, will even assume the shapes
of ancient reliquaries.[213] There is no reason why these vessels
should not vary, in material and design, with the taste or means of
the relatives. Glass, precious metals, and even gems, might with
propriety be introduced. Urns of gold and silver were not uncommon
in ancient times, and are even yet used in Siam.
[213] My friend Mr. Clarke has very kindly sketched, in elucidation
of this view, the vessels shown in the family mausoleum sketched in
Plate V.
With reference to the material of which cinerary urns were formerly
made, pottery was chiefly chosen on account of the facility of
manufacture, but they were frequently constructed of marble,
alabaster, and glass. Perhaps the most beautiful cinerary urn in
the world was the Barberini or Portland vase, now in the British
Museum, and which contained the ashes of the Emperor Alexander
Severus. It was made of blue glass upon which a coating of white
glass was overlaid, and the latter cut cameo fashion into a number
of emblematical figures. Glass was frequently adopted in Italy for
cinerary urns, and will probably be the favourite material once more.
Besides the placing of the ashes of the dead in urns, use was
frequently made of small stone sarcophagi, and these latter are
found in several of the ancient Greek burial-grounds in Anatolia.
This will possibly be the form adopted in the future, should
an interment of the ashes be chosen in preference to their
ennichement. But this is not to say that urns are not equally
suitable for laying in the earth if constructed with that view.
Probably both forms of containing vessels will be patronised, just
as was the case in olden times. In ancient Dardanus stone sarcophagi
are commonly found, whilst at Batak, nearer the supposed site of
Troy, urns only were discoverable; and yet the ornaments upon the
smaller articles of pottery, found in both sarcophagi and urns, were
identical in pattern, as far as I can recollect.[214]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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