It will be seen that the frequency of these occasional crimes and offences in Italy and in France is very variable, though assaults and wounding, resistance to authorities, damage, defamation and abuse, are the most numerous in both countries. The proportion of each offence to the total also varies considerably, not only through a difference of legislation between Italy and France in regard to poaching, drunkenness, frauds on refreshment-house keepers, and so forth, but also by reason of the different condition of individuals and of society in the two countries. Thus assaults and wounding, which in Italy comprise 23 per cent. of the total of convictions, reach in France no more than 14 per cent., whilst resistance to the authorities, &c., which YEARLY AVERAGE or CONDEMNED PERSONS. ITALY, 1863-72. FRANCE 1877-81 CRIMES AND OFFENCES OF GREATEST FREQUENCY (not including those of Habitual Criminals). p.c. p.c. p.c. p.c. Wilful Assaulf and Wounding ... Illegally carrying Arms ...... -- 8 7 -- 3 3 Resistance to Authority, Assaults and Violence against Public Functionaries ... 3 5 4 --2 10 10 Injury to Property ... ... ... -- 2 2 -- I 1-6 1 5 Defamation and Abuse ... ... ... -- s-S 1-6 -- I-6 1 5 Written or Spoken Threats ... ... -- 1 4 1'2 -- '2 --2 Illegal Games ... ... ... ... -- I --8 -- 2 1 'I Political Crimes and Offences ...... 31.7 -- --2 -- 4 2 --2 Press Crimes and Offences ... ... 4 4 --4 -- --6 --6 Embezzlement, Corruption, Malfeasance of Public Functionaries -- --3 .3 -- -- -- Escape from Detention --1 --2 2 -- --6 --6 False Witness .. ... ... ... --7 2 --2 09 6 --6 Violation of Domicile ... ... ... -- 17 .15 -- lo --9 Calumny ... --. --1 I 1 --oS --o8 Exposure, Palming or ``Suppression'' of Infants -- --12 1 --2 --1 --1 Bankruptcy Offences ... ... ... I 1 --1 1'3 5 --6 Offences against Religion and Ministers of Religion -- 1 --1 -- --7 .o7 Duelling ... .. .. ... ... ... -- .04 .03 -- -- -- Abortion ... ... ... ... ... -- -- -- og -- --OI Offences against the Game Laws -- -- -- -- 13 12-7 Drunkenness -- -- -- -- 1 5 1 5 Offences against Public Decency -- -- -- -- I-8 1.7 Adultery ... ... ... ... ... -- -- -- --5 5 Offences against Morality, with Incitement to Immorality ... ... -- -- -- -- --2 --2 Involuntary Homicide -- -- -- -- --2 --2 '' Wounding -- -- -- -- --6 --6 '' Incendiarism -- -- -- -- --2 --2 Illegal Practising of Medicine and Surgery ... ... ...