Criminality and economic conditionsBonger, Willem Adriaan
General
Criminality and economic conditions
Bonger, Willem Adriaan
Crime -- Economic aspects
=============+=================+================================
| Persons to Each | Crimes to 100,000 Inhabitants.
| Savings-bank +---------------+----------------
| Book. | Homicide. | Theft.
-------------+-----------------+---------------+----------------
Switzerland | 4.5 | 16 | 114
Denmark | 5 | 13 | 114
Sweden | 7 | 13 | --
England | 10 | 5.6 | 163
Prussia | 10 | 5.7 | 246
France | 12 | 18 | 103
Austria | 14 | 25 | 103
Italy | 25 | 96 | 150
=============+=================+===============+================
These figures show how homicides move in inverse ratio to the number of
savings-bank books, while the contrary is the case with thefts. The
author forgets to point out that there are five exceptions to this
rule.
In Italy the greatest number of accounts corresponds to the smallest
number of homicides, as the following table shows:
=======================================================================
Average Number of Crimes in 20 Provinces in which the Wealth (According
to the Number of Savings-Bank Books) is:
---------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------
| Maximum. | Intermediate. | Minimum.
---------------------+--------------+-------------------+--------------
Fraudulent crimes | 57 | 45 | 45
Sexual crimes | 11 | 12.6 | 20
Thefts | 132 | 133 | 160
Homicides | 10 | 12.6 | 27.4
=====================+==============+===================+==============
There are several exceptions to this rule; for example, the richest,
like Palermo, Rome, Naples, and Leghorn, give very high figures for
homicides. According to Professor Lombroso the explanation in the case
of Palermo and Naples is to be found in the geographical situation; in
the case of Palermo, in race and the abuse of alcohol; and in the case
of Rome, in race, the abuse of alcohol, and in the political situation.
For France we get the following results:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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