But the most marvelous of the “coal-sacks” are those that have been
found by photography in Sagittarius. One of Barnard’s earliest and most
excellent photographs includes two of them, both in the star-cluster
M8. The larger, which is roughly rectangular in outline, contains one
little star, and its smaller neighbor is lune-shaped—surely a most
singular form for such an object. Both are associated with curious dark
lanes running through the clustered stars like trails in the woods.
Along the borders of these lanes the stars are ranked in parallel rows,
and what may be called the bottoms of the lanes are not entirely dark,
but pebbled with faint stellar points. One of them which skirts the two
dark gaps and traverses the cluster along its greatest diameter is
edged with lines of stars, recalling the alignment of the trees
bordering a French highway. This _road of stars_ cannot be less than
many billions of miles in length!
All about the cluster the bed of the Galaxy is strangely disturbed, and
in places nearly denuded, as if its contents had been raked away to
form the immense stack and the smaller accumulations of stars around
it. The well-known “Trifid Nebula” is also included in the field of the
photograph, which covers a truly marvelous region, so intricate in its
mingling of nebulæ, star-clusters, star-swarms, star-streams, and dark
vacancies that no description can do it justice. Yet, chaotic as it
appears, there is an unmistakable suggestion of unity about it,
impressing the beholder with the idea that all the different parts are
in some way connected, and have not been fortuitously thrown together.
Miss Agnes M. Clerke made the striking remark that the dusky lanes in
M8 are exemplified on the largest scale in the great rift dividing the
Milky Way, from Cygnus in the northern hemisphere all the way to the
“Cross” in the southern. Similar lanes are found in many other
clusters, and they are generally associated with flanking rows of
stars, resembling in their arrangement the thick-set houses and villas
along the roadways that traverse the approaches to a great city.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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