Look now again at the glowing spirals. We observe that hardly have they
left the central mass before they begin to coagulate. In some places
they have a “ropy” aspect; or they are like peascods filled with
growing seeds, which eventually will become stars. The great focus
itself shows a similar tendency, especially around its circumference.
The sense that it imparts of a tremendous shattering force at work is
overwhelming. There is probably more matter in that whirling and
bursting nebula than would suffice to make a hundred solar systems! It
must be confessed at once that there is no confirmation of the
Laplacean hypothesis here; but what hypothesis will fit the facts?
There is one which it has been claimed does so, but we shall come to
that later. In the meanwhile, as a preparation, fix in the memory the
appearance of that second spiral mass spinning beside its master which
seems to have spurned it away.
[Illustration: Spiral in Ursa Major]
For a second example of the spiral nebulæ look at the one in the
constellation Triangulum. _God, how hath the imagination of puny man
failed to comprehend Thee!_ Here is creation through destruction with a
vengeance! The spiral form of the nebula is unmistakable, but it is
half obliterated amid the turmoil of flying masses hurled away on all
sides with tornadic fury. The focus itself is splitting asunder under
the intolerable strain, and in a little while, as time is reckoned in
the Cosmos, it will be gyrating into stars. And then look at the
cyclonic rain of already finished stars whirling round the outskirts of
the storm. Observe how scores of them are yet involved in the fading
streams of the nebulous spirals; see how they have been thrown into
vast loops and curves, of a beauty that half redeems the terror of the
spectacle enclosed within their lines—like iridescent cirri hovering
about the edges of a hurricane. And so again are suns born!
Let us turn to the exquisite spiral in Ursa Major; how different its
aspect from that of the other! One would say that if the terrific coil
in Triangulum has all but destroyed itself in its fury, this one on the
contrary has just begun its self-demolition. As one gazes one seems to
see in it the smooth, swift, accelerating motion that precedes
catastrophe. The central part is still intact, dense, and uniform in
texture. How graceful are the spirals that smoothly rise from its oval
rim and, gemmed with little stars, wind off into the darkness until
they have become as delicate as threads of gossamer! But at bottom the
story told here is the same—creation by gyration!
Compare with the above the curious mass in Cetus. Here the plane of the
whirling nebula nearly coincides with our line of sight and we see the
object at a low angle. It is far advanced and torn to shreds, and if we
could look at it perpendicularly to its plane it is evident that it
would closely resemble the spectacle in Triangulum.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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