Current History, Vol. VIII, No. 3, June 1918: A Monthly Magazine of the New York TimesVarious
History
Current History, Vol. VIII, No. 3, June 1918: A Monthly Magazine of the New York Times
Various
World War, 1914-1918
This scheme provides for the establishment of a Parliament for the
whole of Ireland, with an Executive responsible to it, and with full
powers over all internal legislation, administration, and direct
taxation. Pending a decision of the fiscal question, it is provided
that the imposition of duties of customs and excise shall remain
with the Imperial Parliament, but that the whole of the proceeds of
these taxes shall be paid into the Irish Exchequer. A joint
Exchequer Board is to be set up to determine the Irish true revenue,
and Ireland is to be represented upon the Board of Customs and
Excise of the United Kingdom.
The principle of representation in the Imperial Parliament was
insisted upon from the first by the Southern Unionists, and the
Nationalists conceded it. It was felt, however, that there were
strong reasons for providing that the Irish representatives at
Westminster should be elected by the Irish Parliament rather than
directly by the constituencies, and this was the arrangement
adopted.
It was accepted in principle that there should be an Irish
contribution to the cost of imperial services, but owing to lack of
data it was not found possible in the convention to fix any definite
sum.
It was agreed that the Irish Parliament should consist of two
houses--a Senate of sixty-four members and a House of Commons of
200. The principle underlying the composition of the Senate is the
representation of interests. This is effected by giving
representation to commerce, industry, and labor, the County
Councils, the Churches, learned institutions, and the peerage. In
constituting the House of Commons the Nationalists offered to
guarantee 40 per cent. of its membership to the Unionists. It was
agreed that, in the south, adequate representation for Unionists
could only be secured by nomination; but, as the Ulster
representatives had informed the convention that those for whom they
spoke could not accept the principle of nomination, provision was
made in the scheme for an extra representation of Ulster by direct
election.
The majority of the Labor representatives associated themselves with
the Nationalists and Southern Unionists in building up the
Constitution, with the provisions of which they found themselves in
general agreement. They frankly objected, however, to the principle
of nomination and to what they regarded as the inadequate
representation of Labor in the upper house. Throughout our
proceedings they helped in every way toward the attainment of
agreement. Nor did they press their own special claims in such a
manner as to make more difficult the work, already difficult enough,
of agreeing upon a Constitution.
Knottiest Question in History
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