Current History, Vol. VIII, No. 3, June 1918: A Monthly Magazine of the New York TimesVarious
History
Current History, Vol. VIII, No. 3, June 1918: A Monthly Magazine of the New York Times
Various
World War, 1914-1918
Professor Munro and his fellow-editors have drawn freely upon the
official texts printed in the work entitled "German Legislation for the
Occupied Territories of Belgium," edited, in ten volumes, by Huberich
and Nicol-Speyer, (The Hague, 1915-17.) These volumes cover the period
from Sept. 5, 1914, to March 29, 1917, and contain a reprint of "The
Official Bulletin of Laws and Ordinances" in German, French, and
Flemish. The documents show that the first step under the Rathenau plan
was to ascertain what raw materials and other supplies were accessible.
Consequently, there were many ordinances commanding the declaration of
certain wares. The following is an example:
Brussels, Dec. 11, 1914.
All stocks of benzine, benzol, petroleum, spirits of alcohol,
glycerine, oils and fats of any kind, toluol, carbide, raw rubber
and rubber waste, as well as all automobile tires, shall immediately
be reported in writing to the respective chiefs of districts or
commanders, with a statement of quantity and the place of storage.
* * *
If a report is not made the wares shall be confiscated for the State
and the guilty individual shall be punished by the military
authorities. (_From "German Legislation," &c., Vol. I., p. 95._)
Such a declaration made it easy for the military authorities later to
acquire the wares either by direct requisition or by forced sales. The
following are examples:
Brussels, Aug. 13, 1915.
Article 1. The stocks of chicory roots existing within the
jurisdiction of the General Government in Belgium are hereby
commandeered. (_From "German Legislation," &c., Vol. IV., p. 148._)
Brussels, Jan. 8, 1916.
Article 1. All wools (raw wool, washed wool, tops and noils, woolen
waste, woolen yarns, artificial wools, as well as mixtures of these
articles with others) and also all mattresses filled with the wools
above specified and now an object of trade or introduced into
trade, found within the jurisdiction of the General Government, are
hereby commandeered.
Wool freshly shorn or in any other way separated from the skin shall
also be subject to seizure immediately upon its separation. (_From
"German Legislation," &c., Vol. VI., p. 57._)
Between October, 1914, and March, 1917, there were ninety-two separate
ordinances of the General Government commanding the declaration, forced
sale, or confiscation of various materials. Of these, forty-five were
issued in 1915 and thirty-five in 1916. How these decrees passed by
rapid evolution from mere declaration to complete confiscation is
instanced in these typical examples:
1. A decree issued at Brussels July 19, 1916, lists several pages of
textile materials which are to be declared.
2. A decree of Aug. 22, 1916, enlarges the preceding list.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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