Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 02 (of 10)American School of Correspondence
General
Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 02 (of 10)
American School of Correspondence
Accounting; Business; Commerce
=25. Results of Distribution.= Having posted the journal, turn
again to the _Private Ledger_ and note what has taken place. It is
found that the two items of labor posted have just balanced out the
_Labor Account_, and every dollar of pay─roll has been accounted for
somewhere, either into expense or into production. It it also found
that all the debits in the shop─expense accounts have originated
in _Expense Ledger No. 1_, and the credits have originated in the
_Production Ledger_. The various subdivisions of general expense have
been consolidated in one _Distribution Account_, which has also been
disposed of through the _Production Ledger_. What once appeared as
an expense cost has now been wiped out, absorbed by production and
converted into an asset, just as Mr. Clinton E. Woods, previously
quoted, states it should be. A glance at the trial balance reveals
scarcely a trace of expense, the small undistributed balances only
remaining.
=26. Undistributed Balances.= Under any method of distributing
expense on a _pro─rata_ basis, it is apparent there will be small
balances left, representing either an over─distribution or an
under─distribution, as already explained. These may be treated
in either one of two ways. If the product manufactured has been
practically completed during the year, and but little carried over into
the next year to be finished, these balances can be charged off and
become a part of the _Loss and Gain_ account for the year in which they
were created, and the new year begun with a "clean score."
If the product, however, consists of large contract work but partially
finished when the year closes, the work on same continuing for some
time into the new year, these balances may be also carried over to be
worked out in succeeding monthly distributions as the work continues.
When this latter method is chosen, of course it will be necessary that
these balances be taken into consideration when preparing the _Balance
Sheet_.
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