Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 05 (of 10)American School of Correspondence
General
Cyclopedia of Commerce, Accountancy, Business Administration, v. 05 (of 10)
American School of Correspondence
Accounting; Business; Commerce
=9.= The sales book used in this set exhibits some features not
heretofore shown. At the right are three columns for the distribution of
sales. At the left, in addition to columns for number, date, and folio,
are two columns headed cash and sales ledger. All cash sales are entered
in the cash column, and all sales on account are entered in the sales
ledger column. At the end of the week or month the total of the sales
ledger column is posted to the debit of the _sales ledger account_ in
the general ledger, while the totals of the sales columns at the right
are posted to the credit of the _sales account_ in the general ledger.
INVOICE REGISTER
=10.= A form of purchase book, which also combines an invoice register,
is shown in this set. Unlike the forms of purchase book with which the
student has been made familiar, this invoice register gives full
particulars as to terms, discount, when due, and when and how paid.
The combined footings of the two department columns must of course agree
with the footing of the amount column. At the end of the month the total
of the amount column is posted to the credit of _purchase ledger
account_ in the general ledger, and the totals of the department columns
are posted to the debit of the _purchase account_ in the general ledger.
The details of payment are kept in the invoice register as a memorandum
only. This provides a convenient record of unpaid invoices, showing when
each is due.
CASH BOOK
=11.= In this set we introduce a columnar cash book which also serves as
a journal for cash transaction and is known as a cash journal. The
principal advantage of a columnar book lies in the opportunity to
introduce columns with special headings for accounts to which entries
are frequent. Not only does this permit of carrying footings to the end
of the month with one posting to the ledger account, but it provides a
convenient classification of receipts and expenditures with a complete
segregation of items of a given class.
In the form illustrated, columns are provided on the debit side for
cash, purchase ledger (subdivided for discount and amount), bank
deposits, and sundries; on the credit side, cash, sales ledger
(subdivided for discount and amount), cash sales, bank withdrawals, and
sundries. At first glance it might appear that this form is a departure
from the regular form of cash book, but it should be remembered that the
cash columns are the only ones having anything to do with the cash
account. A cash receipt is entered in the cash debit column, but the
amount is credited to its source through the proper credit column; thus
a payment received on account is debited to cash and credited through
the sales ledger column. A deposit is credited to cash and debited to
bank deposits; the payment of a purchase ledger account by check is
credited to bank withdrawals, and debited to purchase ledger account.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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