The Harmony Society, as it was organized by George Rapp in Wurtemberg and established in America, was an outgrowth of a Separatistic movement in Germany and an attempt to put into practice, under favorable circumstances, Separatistic principles. The members of the society had constituted a congregation of Separatists, where they listened to the teachings of their pastor, George Rapp. According to his instructions, they left their homes in Wurtemberg and followed him to America. They settled at Harmony, Butler County, Pennsylvania. Without election, by common consent George Rapp had maintained himself as their leader. In order to put their society on a firm basis, and to prevent misunderstanding, articles of association were drawn up and signed by the members February 15, 1805. This was the date recognized as the birthday of the society, and in after years its anniversary was celebrated as the “Harmoniefest.” The agreement contains five articles to which the subscribers pledged themselves: (1) To give absolutely all their property to George Rapp and his associates. (2) To obey the rules and regulations of the community and to work for its welfare. (3) If they desired to withdraw from the society, not to demand any reward for labor or services. In return, George Rapp and his associates pledged themselves: (1) To supply the subscribers with all the necessities of life, both in health and sickness, and after death, to provide for their families. (2) In case of withdrawal to return them the value of property contributed without interest and to give a donation in moneys to such as contributed nothing. The original of this agreement was in German, which was the language used by the society. George Rapp was born November 1, 1757, in Iptingen, Wurtemberg, the son of Adam Rapp, a peasant. He learned the trade of weaving. Like many of his neighbors he also engaged in wine growing. Early in life he became deeply interested in religion. He identified himself with the Separatists of Wurtemberg, who believed that the true Christian must live a life of self-denial and that he must suffer ridicule and persecution on account of the purity of his life. They regarded the established clergy as hypocrites. The Government interfered with their plans for living in the manner of the early Christians with community of goods, and their religious meetings were prohibited at the instigation of the clergy. George Rapp decided to lead his congregation to America. In this great undertaking, as in others of a similar nature in later years, he displayed rare judgment in making his plans and great ability in executing them. He did not underestimate the difficulties of such an enterprise. He advised his people of the hardships to be expected. He directed those who were determined to follow him to sell their property and prepare themselves for the journey.