In the second place, certain muscles, for instance, of the forearm and
arm, are exercised unduly, unless the truth is that the business of man
is not to keep well and be fit for his work, but like Sisyphus to roll a
stone up a hill. Just as these are unduly exercised, so others are
unfairly omitted or slurred over, the larger and more important muscles
of the chest and trunk are starved of exercise in comparison to the
arm-muscles. Also in certain systems certain muscles are wrongly used:
muscles that are meant for support chiefly, as far as we can judge of
the purpose of the human frame, are deluded into becoming muscles of
motion, with the result that the naturally quiescent nerves and tissues
underlying them are improperly excited.
Thirdly, supposing that this great development of muscle (chiefly muscle
in the arm) is successfully attained, does it serve any practical use
whatever as regards either health or use? As far as health goes, it
passes the bounds of imagination to conceive that the main organs of the
body will be benefited by excessive biceps, whereas as regards strength,
for all purposes except the lifting and holding of weights, it is
extremely doubtful whether an increase of such strength does not imply
a corresponding decrease in speed and agility. The fastest runners are
not those with prodigious muscles, the hardest hitters have not a
swollen biceps. The test, in fact, of fitness and power of the body lies
not in measurements, but in the ability to perform certain movements
with correctness and rapidity, to be able to make complex movements, to
be capable of endurance, and to perform such movements with economy of
effort.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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