With regard to the increase in the number of times each exercise is
done, it is quite impossible to lay down any general rule, since anyone
whose muscles are already accustomed to rapid movement will be able to
increase the exercise more quickly than one who is not; but as a general
guide for everyone it may be said that none of the exercises should be
repeated more than once or twice after the least feeling of fatigue or
aching begins. But far more important than mere repetition is the
rapidity of movement with which one does those that are meant to be
rapid, and it is infinitely better to do such exercises only half the
number of times suggested, with concentration and speed, than twice the
number if they are done slackly or not fully. The first essentials are
to do them correctly and rapidly; the endurance and strength to repeat
them many times with correctness and rapidity will come of their own
accord. But the correctness is also a _sine quâ non_: for it is the
intelligent and faithful obedience of the body to the will which is no
less an object of exercise than the efficiency of the body considered by
itself, and just as to practise these exercises correctly is the
foundation of a good habit, so to practise them incorrectly is the
foundation of a bad one.
For athletes, then, we believe that they will help in a marked degree to
keep the muscles in good tone when there is forced on them a period of
inaction from games. This effect would not be obtainable from dumb-bell
exercises, since the latter for the most part are slow movements which
are not of the least good as practice for games, but (though undoubtedly
strength-giving) if used alone rather prejudicial to speed than
otherwise. And for non-athletic people and athletes alike, they will
help to keep the body in good health, not only because, for reasons
given above, exercise is healthy, but because many of them are specially
devoted to using those large muscle-areas of the body on which the
proper daily working of the system depends, and these are exercised
without risk of straining, whereas to exercise them with heavy
dumb-bells in the hands has before now produced, and will again
produce, injury. Furthermore, the body is far less liable to be attacked
by definite disease if it is in a healthy condition, while also the
daily hardening which it will experience in the system of exposure which
we recommend, will render it considerably less prone to catch cold by
reason of draughts or change of temperatures, which otherwise are often
the immediate causes of chill.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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