“A lady pitiful and of tender age,” the anticipatory vision of
Beatrice’s death--the “Dante’s Dream” of Rossetti’s famous picture. The
following sonnet, in which Beatrice and Cavalcanti’s lady, Primavera or
Giovanna, appear together, is the only place in the _Vita Nuova_ where
Dante calls her whom he loved by the name by which she was actually
known--“Bice.” Love now no longer appears weeping, but speaks joyfully
in the poet’s heart. All that was personal in Dante’s worship seems to
have passed away with his earlier lamentations; his love has become a
transcendental rapture, an ecstasy of self-annihilation. This part of
the book culminates in the two sonnets:
Tanto gentile e tanto onesta pare,
“So noble and so pure seems my lady,” in which a similar sonnet of
Guinizelli’s is easily surpassed, and
Vede perfettamente onne salute,
“He seeth perfectly all bliss, who beholds my lady among the ladies”;
sonnets which are flawless gems of mediaeval poetry. Then abruptly, in
the composition of a canzone which should have shown how Love by means
of Beatrice regenerated his soul, the pen falls from his hand: Beatrice
has been called by God to Himself, to be glorious under the banner of
Mary, “How doth the city sit solitary that was full of people!”
Some falling off may be detected here and there in the third part of
the _Vita Nuova_ (xxix. to xli.), which includes the prose and poetry
connected with Beatrice’s death, the love for the lady who takes pity
upon the poet’s grief, his repentance and return to Beatrice’s memory.
A stately canzone:
Li occhi dolenti per pietà del core,
“The eyes that grieve for pity of the heart,” is a companion piece
to the opening canzone of the second part; the poet now speaks of
Beatrice’s death in the same form and to the same love-illumined
ladies to whom he had formerly sung her praises. More beautiful are
the closing lines of the shorter canzone, written for Dante’s second
friend, who was apparently Beatrice’s brother. After the charming
episode of the poet drawing an Angel on her anniversary, the “gentle
lady, young and very fair,” inspires him with four sonnets; and his
incipient love for her is dispelled by a “strong imagination,” a
vision of Beatrice as he had first seen her in her crimson raiment of
childhood. The bitterness of Dante’s repentance is a foretaste of the
confession upon Lethe’s bank in the _Purgatorio_. The pilgrims pass
through the city on their way to Rome, “in that season when many folk
go to see that blessed likeness which Jesus Christ left us as exemplar
of His most beauteous face, which my lady sees in glory” (_V. N._
xli.); and this third part closes with the sonnet in which Dante calls
upon the pilgrims to tarry a little, till they have heard how the city
lies desolate for the loss of Beatrice.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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