Produced by D Alexander and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) Makers of History Darius the Great BY JACOB ABBOTT WITH ENGRAVINGS NEW YORK AND LONDON HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS 1904 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty, by HARPER & BROTHERS, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern District of New York. Copyright, 1878, by JACOB ABBOTT. [Illustration: DARIUS CROSSING THE BOSPORUS.] PREFACE. In describing the character and the action of the personages whose histories form the subjects of this series, the writer makes no attempt to darken the colors in which he depicts their deeds of violence and wrong, or to increase, by indignant denunciations, the obloquy which heroes and conquerors have so often brought upon themselves, in the estimation of mankind, by their ambition, their tyranny, or their desperate and reckless crimes. In fact, it seems desirable to diminish, rather than to increase, the spirit of censoriousness which often leads men so harshly to condemn the errors and sins of others, committed in circumstances of temptation to which they themselves were never exposed. Besides, to denounce or vituperate guilt, in a narrative of the transactions in which it was displayed, has little influence in awakening a healthy sensitiveness in the conscience of the reader. We observe, accordingly, that in the narratives of the sacred Scriptures, such denunciations are seldom found. The story of Absalom's undutifulness and rebellion, of David's adultery and murder, of Herod's tyranny, and all other narratives of crime, are related in a calm, simple, impartial, and forbearing spirit, which leads us to condemn the sins, but not to feel a pharisaical resentment and wrath against the sinner. This example, so obviously proper and right, the writer of this series has made it his endeavor in all respects to follow. CONTENTS. Chapter Page I. CAMBYSES 13 II. THE END OF CAMBYSES 38 III. SMERDIS THE MAGIAN 59 IV. THE ACCESSION OF DARIUS 82 V. THE PROVINCES 99 VI. THE RECONNOITERING OF GREECE 123 VII. THE REVOLT OF BABYLON 144 VIII. THE INVASION OF SCYTHIA 167 IX. THE RETREAT FROM SCYTHIA 189 X. THE STORY OF HISTIAEUS 210 XI. THE INVASION OF GREECE 233 XII. THE DEATH OF DARIUS 264 ENGRAVINGS.