Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882; Naturalists -- England -- Biography
Another vital consideration as to experiment, is that it should be
kept impersonal. In most cases, if one is to experiment fruitfully
and satisfactorily, there should be some special object in view, some
particular point to be rejected or confirmed. Unless you know just
what you are looking for, you are apt not to see. Again and again in
Darwin’s book on Orchids, as in many of the others, we read that he
made investigations and got no results, simply because he did not
have in mind theoretical possibilities. When he had reasoned out
what ought to happen or might happen, he often found that it did.
The danger of this method is obvious. When the experimenter is so
desperately anxious to see something, unless he is most carefully
trained and disciplined, he will see it. It is not to be supposed
that Darwin always escaped this danger, but few men have been more
prepared for it or more ready to allow for it than he. His confession
of prejudice, his recognition of the importance of certain points
in his general theory and of his unwillingness to have anything
interfere with them are among his greatest charms: ‘I remember well
the time when the thought of the eye made me cold all over.... The
sight of a feather in a peacock’s tail, whenever I gaze at it, makes
me sick.’[469]
We have already enlarged under observation on the essential quality
of accuracy, and it may simply be added that accuracy is doubly
important in all experiments for a theoretical purpose. Accuracy,
complete, detailed, mathematical exactitude, was Darwin’s hobby, and
the minuteness of his record constantly exemplifies it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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