Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882; Naturalists -- England -- Biography
It will be profitable to consider more in detail some specific
elements of Darwin’s reasoning. In the first place, we have seen
everywhere and in all connections that his propensity to eager
theorizing was tempered with an unfailing sense of doubt and
mistrust. He was indeed always disposed to act in the spirit of
Weisman’s remark: ‘When we are confronted with facts which we see
no possibility of understanding save on a single hypothesis, even
though it be an undemonstratable one, we are naturally led to accept
the hypothesis, at least until a better one can be found.’[371]
And he recognized fully the force of the comment which Huxley
makes on a phrase of Goethe, to the effect that doubt must not be
blighting or destructive, but fruitful and stimulating: ‘Goethe has
an excellent aphorism defining that state of mind which he calls
“_Thätige Skepsis_”—active doubt. It is doubt which so loves truth
that it neither dares rest in doubting nor extinguish itself by
unjustified belief.’[64] At the same time, the doubt was there,
was temperamental, and could not be altogether extinguished, even
when the rush of the logical impetus was fullest. One beautiful
expression of it among many is, ‘When you say you cannot master the
train of thoughts, I know well enough that they are too doubtful and
obscure to be mastered. I have often experienced what you call the
humiliating feeling of getting more and more involved in doubt the
more one thinks of the facts and reasoning on doubtful points.’[65]
The truth is, that Darwin had in a high degree the quality, often
so hampering to the man of practical action, but invaluable to the
thinker, of getting outside of himself and his own point of view and
criticizing it as if it were the standpoint of some one else. He
himself indicates this forcibly in connection with returning to one’s
ideas after an interval: ‘The delay in this case, as with all my
other books, has been a great advantage to me; for a man after a long
interval can criticize his own work, almost as well as if it were
that of another person.’[66] Some men can.
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